Blast and Construction Vibration Monitoring and Control: Thirty-Five-Year Perspective
Publication: Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
Volume 11, Issue 1
Abstract
Developing trends in important aspects of blast and construction vibration monitoring and control are identified through consideration of research and consulting experiences during the last . This retrospective view is written to identify strong currents in a large river of progress rather than to present a comprehensive state of the art survey. Specific case studies set the stage for the following discussion of trends, which in turn set the stage for the prediction of future developments.
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Association of Casualty and Surety Companies. (1956). Blasting claims, A guide to adjusters, available by writing the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies, 110 William St., New York, NY 10038.
Excellent guide to the myriad reasons for cracks in structures other than construction vibrations. Explanations are written to be understood by lay public and are accompanied by cartoon-like drawings.
Borden, R. H., Shao, L., and Gupta, A. (1994) “Construction related vibrations.” FHWA/NC/94-007, Center for Transportation Engineering Studies, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, N.C., 373.
Presents laboratory tests that demonstrate that silty soils show no shrinkage (densification or volumetric strain) when subjected to vibratory strains less than 0.01%.
Dowding, C. H. (1996). Construction Vibrations, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ., 610 (now available through Amazon.com).
Applies the concepts of structural dynamics, earthquake engineering, and blast protection design to the field of construction and blasting vibrations.
Oriard, L. L. (1999). The effects of vibrations and environmental forces: A guide for the investigation of structures, Monograph, International Society of Explosives Engineers, Cleveland, 284.
Oriard's lifetime of experiences with alleged blast induced cracking are summarized as a guide to investigating the sources of cracking. Included are over 30 cases histories of mistaken and/or misguided observation of alleged vibration cracks.
Stark, T. (2002). “Blasting: strict tort liability or negligence?” Proc., 28th Ann. Conf. on Explosives and Blasting Technique, International Society of Explosives Engineers, Vol. 1, Las Vegas, Nev.
This paper reviews the history of the application of strict tort liability to vibrations emanating from blasting and presents reasons for its inapplicability. It summarizes an even more detailed paper.
Robertson, D. A., Gould, J. A., Straw, J. A., and Dayton, M. A. (1980). “Survey of blasting effects on ground water supplies in Appalachia.” U.S. Bureau of Mines Contract Rep. J-0285029, Washington, D.C., 159.
Results of field tests to demonstrate the effects of vibration on real wells. This is a susbjet of continual interest.
Siskind, D. E., Stachura, V. J., Stagg, M. S., and Kopp, J. (1980a). “Structure response and damage produced by airblast from surface mining.” Rep. of Investigations 8485, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C.
RI 8485: Siskind's classic encyclopedic study of air overpressure excitation of structures. Unlike RI 8507 recommendations are made by correlation with other studies without observing air overpressure induced cracking.
Siskind, D. E., Stagg, M. S. Kopp, J. W., and Dowding, C. H. (1980b). “Structure response and damage produced by ground vibrations from surface blasting.” Rep. of Investigations 8507, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C., 49.
RI 8507: This classic introduces the concept of a frequencey based vibration control limit. These limits are based upon the observation of cosmetic, hair sized cracks in old, distressed structures.
Siskind, D. E., Stagg, M. S., Wiegand, J. E., and Schulz, D. L. (1994). “Surface mine blasting near pressurized transmission lines.” Rep. of Investigations 9523, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C., 51.
RI 9523: Reports response of field tests on pressurized pipelines subjected to full-scale surface coal mine blast; demonstrates that they can sustain very high particle velocities.
Stagg, M. S, Siskind, D. E., Stevens, M. G., and Dowding, C. H. (1984). “Effects of repeated blasting on a wood-frame house.” Rep. of Investigations 8896, Washington, D.C., 82.
RI 8896: Loose ends of RI 8507 are tied up in this report, which contains results of full scale fatigue tests (important for vibratory construction equipment) as well as full scale tests of inplane shearing of concrete masonry units.
Acknowledgments
Most of the writers’ recent work in developing the ACM method of comparing crack response to environmental and blast effects has been funded by the Infrastructure Technology Institute (ITI) at Northwestern University. ITI is in turn funded through a block grant for university transportation research centers through the U.S. Department of Transportation. ITI has focused much of its effort on the development and commercialization of new types of and methods for instrumentation for the Nation’s infrastructure.
References
Dowding, C. H. (1996). Construction vibrations, Prentice–Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 610.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
Volume 11 • Issue 1 • February 2006
Pages: 8 - 12
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 13, 2005
Accepted: Jun 13, 2005
Published online: Feb 1, 2006
Published in print: Feb 2006
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