Two Studies that Investigate the Impact of Ceiling and Wall Reflectance Values on LEED Credits
Publication: Journal of Architectural Engineering
Volume 11, Issue 3
Abstract
This study is divided into two parts. The first study determines window size and size reductions for different wall and ceiling reflectance combinations that are needed in a classroom to achieve one leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) daylight factor credit. The second study determines the power consumption of indirect luminaires with a target illuminance of for different wall and ceiling reflectance combinations. LEED credits for the optimizing energy performance are determined. It is found that ceiling reflectance has a higher impact on light levels and energy performance than wall reflectance. A ceiling reflectance of 90% and wall reflectance of 75% allows a minimum window-to-wall ratio of 0.444 to achieve one LEED daylight factor credit. The same room decreases lighting power density for an indirect fluorescent lighting system by one-third below the maximum permissible lighting power density specified in American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (ASHRAE/IESNA) Standard 90.1-2001. If lighting constitutes 50% of the total ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 load, 0.92 LEED credits for the optimization of energy performance can be obtained for new construction and 2.92 credits can be obtained for existing buildings.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers would like to thank Armstrong for its financial support and advice.
References
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (ASHRAE/IESNA). (2001). “Standard 90.1-2001.” User’s Manual, Atlanta.
Balcomb, J. D. (1986). “Conservation and solar guidelines.” Passive Sol. J, 3(3), 221–248.
Choi, A. S., and Mistrick, R. G. (1995). “A study of lighting system performance in partitioned spaces.” J. IESNA, 24(2), 50–63.
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA). (2000). The IESNA lighting handbook, 9th Ed., New York, Chap. 11, 8
Lighting Analysts. (2004). “AGI32 lighting software.” http://www.lightinganalysts.com/Products/AGI32/agi32.htm, 2004.
Mardaljevic, J. (1995). “Validation of a lighting simulation program under real sky conditions.” Light. Res. Technol., 27(4), 181–188.
Reinhart, C. F., and Walkenhorst, O. (2001). “Validation of dynamic Radiance-based daylight simulations for a test office with external blinds.” Energy Build., 33, 683–697.
Rushmeier, H., Ward, G., Piatko, C., Sanders, P., and Rust, B. (1995). “Comparing real and synthetic images: Some ideas about metrics.” 6th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland, June 1995, 213–222
U.S. Dept. of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies. (1993). Advanced Lighting Guidelines: 1993. National Technical Information Service, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Springfield, Va., Chap. 9, 8.
U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). (2002). Leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) green building rating system, Version 2.1.
Zhang, J., and Ngai, P. (1998). “Ceiling luminance ratios for linear fluorescent indirect luminaries.” J. IESNA, 27(1), 85–91.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Architectural Engineering
Volume 11 • Issue 3 • September 2005
Pages: 81 - 90
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Dec 9, 2003
Accepted: Feb 7, 2005
Published online: Sep 1, 2005
Published in print: Sep 2005
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.