TECHNICAL PAPERS
Aug 1, 2005

Membrane and Flashing Defects in Low-Slope Roofing: Causes and Effects on Performance

Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 19, Issue 3

Abstract

Good roof performance requires proper design and specification, quality materials, professional workmanship, and proactive maintenance. Shortcomings in any phase of roof asset management will compromise performance and shorten service life. The objective of this study was to identify relationships between roof asset management processes and performance problems identified in an inventory of United States Army low-slope membrane roofs. First a review of literature pertaining to roof asset management was conducted. Next, a large Army roof inspection database was analyzed to identify the types and relative frequencies of common defects, and their impacts on performance. The writers and experienced inspectors then applied both engineering and field experience to provide expert analysis of the data. Approximately 75% of the performance problems in the sampled inventory were attributable to deficiencies caused by factors other than natural degradation. The writers conclude that roof performance can be significantly improved by strengthening quality assurance processes during installation, particularly by ensuring that installers comply with contract specifications and utilize industry-accepted construction practices.

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References

Bailey, D. M. (1999). “Army roof management and improvement opportunities.” Special Rep. No. 99/62, U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Ill.
Bailey, D. M., Brotherson, D., Tobiasson, W., and Knehans, A. (1989). “ROOFER: An engineered management system (EMS) for bituminous built-up roofs.” Technical Rep. No. M-90/04, U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Ill.
Booth, R. J. (1997). “Practical experiences with bituminous low-slope roofs in cold climates.” Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Roofing Technology, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., 75–85.
Booth, R. J., Minialoff, J. M., and Murphy, M. (1991). “Field experiences versus standards and designs.” Proc., 1991 Int. Symp. on Roofing Technology, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., 351–355.
Cullen, W. C. (1988). Project pinpoint analysis: Trends and problems in low-slope roofing, National Roofing Contractors Association, Rosemont, Ill.
Hoff, J. L. (1997). “Historical warranty repair cost as a measure of long-term roof system performance.” Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Roofing Technology, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., 125–121.
Litow, Ed. P. (1997). “Practical experiences in design, application and field performance.” Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Roofing Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., 92–98.
Shahin, M. Y., Bailey, D. M., and Brotherson, D. (1987a). “Membrane and flashing condition indexes for built-up roofs—Volume I: Development of the procedure.” Technical Rep. No. M-87/13, Vol. I, U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Ill.
Shahin, M. Y., Bailey, D. M., and Brotherson, D. (1987b). “Membrane and flashing condition indexes for built-up roofs—Volume II: Inspection and distress manual.” Technical Rep. No. M-87/13, Vol. II, U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Ill.
Wallace, R. J. (1983). “Field experiences with single ply roofing systems.” Proc., 7th Conf. on Roofing Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md. and National Roofing Contractors Association, Rosemont, Ill., 12–15.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 19Issue 3August 2005
Pages: 234 - 243

History

Received: Jun 27, 2003
Accepted: Sep 16, 2003
Published online: Aug 1, 2005
Published in print: Aug 2005

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Authors

Affiliations

David M. Bailey [email protected]
Researcher, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, P.O. Box 9005, Champaign Ill. 61826-9005. E-mail: [email protected]
Dane Bradford [email protected].
President, Bradford Roof Management, P.O. Box 20502, Billings MT 59104-0502. E-mail: [email protected].

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