Snow Entrainment Coefficient Estimated by Field Observations and Wind Tunnel Experiments
Publication: Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 19, Issue 4
Abstract
The boundary condition for concentration of snow particles at the bed is necessary to calculate snowdrifts by a numerical analysis model. The flux type or the gradient type boundary conditions are reasonable. An idea of an entrainment coefficient of snow particle at the snow surface is useful. The values of the coefficient are considered to be a function of the density and viscosity of the working fluid and the properties of snow particles. In this paper, the values of the coefficient are estimated based on the turbulence model and the distribution of snow particle flux observed at the Mizuho Station, Antarctica in 2000, assuming the steady, fully developed flow over a flat snow surface. The snow entrainment coefficient is two or three orders smaller than the sand entrainment coefficient in a river. The reason is that the specific weight of snow particles in air is much larger than that of sand particles in water.
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Acknowledgments
Part of this study was supported by Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research (C) (Grant No. MESSC-JP13650565; Chief Researcher: Yusuke Fukushima) by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sport, and Culture. The writers express their appreciation.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 19 • Issue 4 • December 2005
Pages: 117 - 129
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Nov 13, 2002
Accepted: Nov 5, 2003
Published online: Dec 1, 2005
Published in print: Dec 2005
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