Soil Reactions in Saturated Sand Caused by Impulsive Loads
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 133, Issue 1
Abstract
It is demonstrated that reactions for impulsive loads in saturated sand soil are speed dependent and can be far higher than the reactions for the corresponding slow loads. The reason is that soils rupture and pore water flow interacts, both for contractive sand and for dilatant sand and create additional pore water pressures and additional effective stresses. The traditional geotechnical methods, the extreme method, and the equilibrium methods have been extended to also include the interaction between ruptures and pore water flow. It is shown that zone ruptures generally will be dilatant except possibly for the loosest layering. This means that the pore water will be sucked into the rupture zone when it develops. This may not be the case with line ruptures, where the soil may be mainly contractive and squeeze out pore water during the development. Analytical methods have been developed and compared with laboratory results for falling cones penetrating into saturated sand. Both tests and analysis compared well and showed an increase from 2 to 70 times in average resistance compared with dry sand depending on the relative density of the sand and the ratio between speed of penetration and permeability.
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Acknowledgments
The results are a summary of WORKPACKAGE 6 of the EU Framework 5 project EVK3-CT-2000-00038 LIMAS (Liquefaction in Marine Structures) managed by Professor Dr. Mutlu Sumer, ISVA, Technical University of Denmark. Dr. Maarten de Groot of Delft GeotechnicsGeoDelft was the leader of the task in which the described investigations were a part. His advice, especially with respect to compaction and to control of test conditions, was extremely helpful. All contributions are gratefully acknowledged.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 133 • Issue 1 • January 2007
Pages: 39 - 49
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: May 5, 2005
Accepted: Jun 21, 2006
Published online: Jan 1, 2007
Published in print: Jan 2007
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