Genetic Algorithms for Reliability-Based Optimization of Water Distribution Systems
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 130, Issue 1
Abstract
A new approach for reliability-based optimization of water distribution networks is presented. The approach links a genetic algorithm (GA) as the optimization tool with the first-order reliability method (FORM) for estimating network capacity reliability. Network capacity reliability in this case study refers to the probability of meeting minimum allowable pressure constraints across the network under uncertain nodal demands and uncertain pipe roughness conditions. The critical node capacity reliability approximation for network capacity reliability is closely examined and new methods for estimating the critical nodal and overall network capacity reliability using FORM are presented. FORM approximates Monte Carlo simulation reliabilities accurately and efficiently. In addition, FORM can be used to automatically determine the critical node location and corresponding capacity reliability. Network capacity reliability approximations using FORM are improved by considering two failure modes. This research demonstrates the novel combination of a GA with FORM as an effective approach for reliability-based optimization of water distribution networks. Correlations between random variables are shown to significantly increase optimal network costs.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Alperovits, E., and Shamir, U.(1977). “Design of optimal water distribution systems.” Water Resour. Res., 13(6), 885–900.
Bao, Y., and Mays, L. M.(1990). “Model for water distribution system reliability.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 116(9), 1119–1137.
Foschi, R. O., Folz, B., and Yoa, P. Z. (1993). “RELAN: RELiability ANalysis.” User’s Manual, Version 2.24, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Gargano, R., and Pianese, D.(2000). “Reliability as a tool for hydraulic network planning.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 126(5), 354–364.
Gessler, J., and Walski, T. M. (1985). “Water distribution system optimization.” Technical Rep. EL-85-11, Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C.
Goldberg, D. E. (1989). Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.
Goulter, I. (1995). “Analytical and simulation models for reliability analysis in water distribution systems.” Improving efficiency and reliability in water distribution systems, E. Cabrera and A. F. Vela, eds., Kluwer Academic, London, 235–266.
Goulter, I., and Coals, A.(1986). “Quantitative approaches to reliability assessment in pipe networks.” J. Transp. Eng., 112(3), 287–301.
Halhal, D., Walters, G. A., Ouazar, D., and Savic, D. A.(1997). “Water network rehabilitation with structured messy genetic algorithms.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 123(3), 137–146.
Holland, J. H. (1975). Adaptation in natural and artificial systems, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Krishnakumar, K. (1989). “Micro-genetic algorithms for stationary and non-stationary function optimization.” Proc. SPIE: Intelligent Control and Adaptive Systems, 1196, Philadelphia, PA, 289-296.
Lansey, K. E., Duan, N., Mays, L. W., and Tung, Y. K.(1989). “Water distribution system design under uncertainties.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 115(5), 630–645.
Lansey, K. E., and Mays, L. W.(1989). “Optimization model for water distribution system design.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 115(10), 1401–1418.
Madsen, H. O., Krenk, S., and Lind, N. C. (1986). Methods of structural safety, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Maier, H. R., Lence, B. J., Tolson, B. A., and Foschi, R. O.(2001). “First-order reliability method for estimating reliability, resilience and vulnerability.” Water Resour. Res., 37(3), 779–790.
Quindry, Q. E., Liebman, J. C., and Brill, E. D.(1981). “Optimization of looped water distribution systems.” Proc., J. Environ. Eng. Div., 107(4), 665–679.
Savic, D. A., and Walters, G. A.(1997). “Genetic algorithms for least-cost design of water distribution networks.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 123(2), 67–77.
Shin, H. G., and Park, H. (1999). “An optimal design of water distribution networks with hydraulic connectivity and the Genetic Algorithm.” 26th Annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conference, ASCE, Reston, Va., Chap. 9D 197.
Simpson, A. R., Dandy, G. C., and Murphy, L. J.(1994). “Genetic algorithms compared to other techniques for pipe optimization.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 120(4), 423–443.
Simpson, A. R., and Goldberg, D. E. (1994). “Pipeline optimisation via genetic algorithms: from theory to practice.” Water Pipeline Systems, Miller, D.S. (ed.) Mechanical Engineering Publications, London, 309-320.
Sitar, N., Cawlfield, J. D., and Der Kiureghian, A.(1987). “First-order reliability approach to stochastic analysis of subsurface flow and contaminant transport.” Water Resour. Res., 23(5), 794–804.
Su, Y. C., May, L. W., Duan, N., and Lansey, K. E.(1987). “Reliability-based optimization model for water distribution systems.” J. Hydraul.Eng., 113(12), 1539–1556.
Tolson, B. A. (2000). “Genetic algorithms for multi-objective optimization in water quality management under uncertainty.” M.A.Sc. thesis, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Xu, C., and Goulter, I. C.(1998). “Probabilistic model for water distribution reliability.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(4), 218–228.
Xu, C., and Goulter, I. C.(1999). “Reliability-based optimal design of water distribution networks.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 125(6), 352–362.
Yang, G., Reinstein, L. E., Pai, S., Xu, Z., and Carroll, D. L.(1998). “A new genetic algorithm technique in optimization of permanent prostate implants.” Med. Phys., 25(12), 2308–2315.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 130 • Issue 1 • January 2004
Pages: 63 - 72
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 19, 2001
Accepted: Jan 14, 2003
Published online: Dec 15, 2003
Published in print: Jan 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.