TECHNICAL PAPERS
Mar 1, 1987

Greenhouse Effect, Sea Level Rise, and Coastal Drainage Systems

Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 113, Issue 2

Abstract

Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other gases are expected to warm the earth several degrees in the next century, which would raise sea level a few feet and alter precipitation patterns. Both of these changes would have major impacts on the operation of coastal drainage systems. However, because sea level rise and climate change resulting from the greenhouse effect are still uncertain, most planners and engineers are ignoring the potential implications. Case studies of the potential impact on watersheds in Charleston, South Carolina, and Fort Walton Beach, Florida, suggest that the cost of designing a new system to accommodate a rise in sea level will sometimes be small compared with the retrofit cost that may ultimately be necessary if new systems are not designed for a rise. Rather than ignore the greenhouse effect until its consequences are firmly established, engineers and planners should evaluate whether it would be worthwhile to insure that new systems are not vulnerable to the risks of climate change and sea level rise.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
Barth, M. C., and Titus, J. G., Eds. (1984). Greenhouse effect and sea level rise: A challenge for this generation. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, N.Y.
2.
Bentley, L. (1983). “The west antarctic ice sheet: Diagnosis and prognosis.” Proc. Carbon Dioxide Res. Conf. Carbon Dioxide, Science, and Consensus. Department of Energy Conference 820970, Washington, D.C., IV.3–IV.50.
3.
Bindschadler, R. (1985). “Contribution of the Greenland ice cap to changing sea level.” Glaciers, ice sheets and sea level. M. F. Meier, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
4.
Charney, J., et al. (1979). Carbon dioxide and climate: A scientific assessment. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
5.
Gagliano, S. M., Meyer Arendt, K. J., and Wicker, K. M. (1981). “Land loss in the Mississippi deltaic plain.” Trans. 31st Ann. Mtg., Gulf Coast Geol. Soc. (GCAGS). Corpus Christi, Tex., 293–300.
6.
Gornitz, V., Lebedeff, S., and Hansen, J. (1982). “Global sea level trend in the past century.” Sci., 215, 1611–1614.
7.
Hansen, J. E., Lacis, A., Rind, D., and Russell, G. (1984). “Climate sensitivity to increasing greenhouse gases.” Greenhouse effect and sea level rise: A challenge for this generation. M. C. Barth and J. G. Titus, Eds. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, N.Y., 57–77.
8.
Hicks, S. D., Debaugh, H. A., and Hickman, L. E. (1983). Sea level variation for the United States 1855–1980, Natl. Ocean Serv., Rockville, Md.
9.
Hoffman, J. S., Keyes, D., and Titus, J. G. (1983). Projecting future sea level rise. Govt. Printing Off., Washington, D.C.
10.
Hughes, T. (1983). “The stability of the West Antarctic ice sheet: What has happened and what will happen.” Proc. Carbon Dioxide Res. Conf. Carbon Dioxide, Science, and Consensus, Department of Energy Conference 820970, Washington, D.C., IV.51–IV.73.
11.
Keeling, C. D., Bacastow, R. B., and Whorf, T. P. (1982). “Measurements of the concentration of carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii.” Carbon dioxide review: 1982. W. Clark, Ed. Oxford University Press, New York, N.Y., 377–382.
12.
Kuo, C. Y., Ed. (1980). Urban Stormwater Management in Coastal Areas, Proc. of the Natl. Symp., ASCE, held in Blacksburg, Va.
13.
LaRoche, T. B., and Webb, M. K. (1987). “Impact of sea level rise on stormwater drainage systems in the Charleston, South Carolina, area.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
14.
Manabe, S., Wetherald, R. T., and Stouffer, R. J. (1981). “Summer dryness due to an increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations.” Climatic Change. 3, 327–386.
15.
Meier, M. F. (1984). “Contribution of small glaciers to global sea level.” Sci., 226, 1418–1421.
16.
Meier, M. F., et al. (1985). Glaciers, ice sheets and sea level: Effect of a CO2‐induced climatic change. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
17.
Mercer, J. H. (1970). “Antarctic ice and interglacial high sea levels.” Sci., 168, 1605–1606.
18.
Nierenberg, W., et al. (1983). Changing climate. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
19.
Nordhaus, W. D., and Yohe, G. W. (1983). “Future carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels.” Changing climate. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
20.
Ramanathan, V., Singh, H. B., Cicerone, R. J., and Kiehl, J. T. (1985). “Trace gas trends and their potential role in climate change,” J. of Geophys. Res. (Aug.) 90, 5547–5566.
21.
Revelle, R. (1983). “Probable future changes in sea level resulting from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide.” Changing Climate. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
22.
Rind, D., and Lebedeff, S. (1984). Potential climatic impacts of increasing atmospheric CO2 with emphasis on water availability and hydrology in the United States. Govt. Printing Off., Washington, D.C.
23.
Smagorinsky, J., et al. (1982). Carbon dioxide: A second assessement. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
24.
Titus, J. G. (1985). “Sea level rise and wetlands loss.” Coastal zone '85, O. T. Magoon, H. Converse, D. Miner, D. Clark, and L. T. Tobin, Eds., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 1979–1990.
25.
Waddell, J. O., and Blaylock, R. A. (1987). “Impact of sea level rise on Gap Creek watershed in the Fort Walton Beach, Florida, area.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 113Issue 2March 1987
Pages: 216 - 227

History

Published online: Mar 1, 1987
Published in print: Mar 1987

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

James G. Titus
Proj. Mgr. for Sea Level Rise, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460
Chin Y. Kuo
Prof. and Coordinator of Hydrosystem Div., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Virginia Polytech. Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061
Michael J. Gibbs
Proj. Mgr., ICF Incorporated, 1850 K St. N.W., Washington, DC 20006
Tom B. LaRoche
Vice Pres., Davis and Floyd Inc., Consulting Engrs., P.O. Box 11024, Charleston, SC 29411
M. Keith Webb
Proj. Engr., Davis and Floyd Inc., Consulting Engrs., P.O. Box 11024, Charleston, SC 29411
Jesse O. Waddell
Sr. Proj. Engr., Baskerville‐Donovan Engrs., Inc., 16 West Zarragossa St., Pensacola, FL 32501

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share