Pipeline Deformation Monitoring Using GPS Survey Techniques

Monitoring and detecting deformations within an engineered structure can be determined using a number of precise methods. Traditional techniques for deformation detection have included: on‐site visual inspection, photogrammetric surveys (terrestrial or aerial), precise conventional surveys, and geotechnical measurements using either continuous data collection or observation epochs. The most recent approach for structural deformation detection utilizes the Global Positioning System (GPS). This system provides a quick and precise method of determining 3‐D movements of a structure over time. Application of GPS techniques of deformation detection on a higl‐pressure gas pipeline is one example of this approach used by NOVA Corporation of Alberta. Results obtained are at sub‐centimeter accuracy and suitable for most deformation detection projects. The resultant pipeline monument position data sets for each measurement epoch are differenced using a rigorous statistical approach to produce deformation values for each pipe monument.