The Void Growth Model and the Stress Modified Critical Strain Model to Predict Ductile Fracture in Structural Steels
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 12
Abstract
Material tests and analyses are presented to investigate the accuracy of two micromechanics-based continuum criteria for predicting ductile crack initiation in low-carbon steels, which are representative of mild steels used in civil engineering construction. Referred to as the stress modified critical strain (SMCS) model and the void growth model (VGM), both criteria integrate plastic strains and triaxial stresses to predict crack initiation associated with the mechanisms of void initiation, growth and coalescence. The models are suitable for implementation through finite-element analyses to simulate fracture initiation in steel structures. Material tests and finite-element analyses of seven varieties of structural steels, including two new high-performance steels, are conducted to validate and calibrate the model parameters for practical structural engineering applications. Both models are shown to predict fracture accurately across the spectrum of steel samples and geometric configurations. However, application of the models to situations with high stress and strain gradients is shown to be quite sensitive to the characteristic length parameter of the models, which leads to large model variability in such cases. A strong empirical relationship between Charpy V-notch upper-shelf energy and the SMCS and VGM parameters is observed, which can be utilized to estimate the model parameters.
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Acknowledgments
This paper is based upon research supported by the National Science Foundation under the U.S.–Japan Cooperative Research for Urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation initiative (Grant No. NSFCMS 9988902). The advice and guidance provided by Robert Dodds (University of Illinois), and Reiner Dauskardt (Stanford University) are gratefully acknowledged. Additional support was provided by the Steel Structures Development Center of the Nippon Steel Corporation (Futtsu, Japan), which provided steel materials, machining services, and fracture data, and by donations of steel material from the Garry Steel Company (Oakland, Calif.) and the ATLSS Engineering Research Center (Bethlehem, Pa.).
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 12 • December 2006
Pages: 1907 - 1918
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Sep 23, 2005
Accepted: Feb 27, 2006
Published online: Dec 1, 2006
Published in print: Dec 2006
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Benjamin W. Schafer
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