Design Expressions Based on a Finite Element Model of a Stiffened Cold-Formed Steel C-Section
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 5
Abstract
The design of cold-formed steel (CFS) C-sections that have bearing stiffeners installed between their flanges is a challenging task because complex interactions occur between the stiffener and the C-section when the assembly is loaded to failure. These interactions make it impractical to derive design expressions from first principles. Described in this paper is the application of a finite element (FE) model of a stiffened CFS C-section that was used to carry out parametric studies of the behavior of the stiffened joist assembly. Based on the results of these FE studies and experimental work, design expressions are proposed for the web crippling capacity of a stiffened C-section; the magnitude of the forces that develop in the fasteners connecting the joist to the stiffener; and the equivalent stiffness of the fasteners. These design expressions are fundamental components in the development of practical design expressions for the ultimate strength of stiffened C-sections.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). (2001a). North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members, Washington, D.C.
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). (2001b). Standard for cold-formed steel framing—Prescriptive method for one and two family dwellings, Washington, D.C.
Avery, P., and Mahendran, M. (1996). “Finite element analysis of hollow flange beams with web stiffeners.” Proc., 13th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Bakker, M., Peköz, T, and Stark, J. (1990). “A model for the behavior of thin-walled flexural members under concentrated loads.” Proc., 10th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2001). “North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members.” CSA-S136-2001, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Fox, S. R. (2002). “Bearing stiffeners in cold formed steel C-sections.” PhD thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada.
Fox, S. R., and Brodland, G. W. (2002). “The application of a finite element model to a cold-formed steel C-section with a bearing stiffener.” Proc., 16th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Fox, S. R., and Schuster, R. M. (1998). “Tests of cold formed steel floor joists with bearing stiffeners.” Proc., 14th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Fox, S. R., and Schuster, R. M. (2000). “Strength of bearing stiffeners in cold formed steel C-sections.” Proc., 15th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Fox, S. R., and Schuster, R. M. (2001). Design of bearing stiffeners in cold formed steel C-sections, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, D.C.
Lee, H. P., and Harris, P. J.(1979). “Post-buckling strength of thin-walled members.” Comput. Struct., 10, 689–702.
Moreyra, M. E., and Peköz, T. (1994). “Finite element studies on lipped channel flexural members.” Proc., 12th Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Papengelis, J. P., and Hancock, G. J.(1995). “Computer analysis of thin-walled structural members.” Comput. Struct., 56, 157–176.
Santaputra, C. (1986). “Web crippling of high strength cold formed steel beams.” PhD thesis, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Schafer, B. W. (1997). “Cold formed steel behavior and design: Analytical and numerical modeling of elements and members with longitudinal stiffeners.” PhD thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Sivakumaran, K. S.(1989). “Analysis for web crippling behaviour of cold-formed steel members.” Comput. Struct., 32(3/4), 707–719.
Sivakumaran, K. S., and Abdel-Raham, N.(1998). “A finite element analysis model for the behaviour of cold-formed steel members.” Thin-Walled Struct., 31, 305–324.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 5, 2002
Accepted: Apr 9, 2003
Published online: Apr 15, 2004
Published in print: May 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.