Retrofitting Suspension Bridges Using Distributed Dampers
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 10
Abstract
Suspension bridges in the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS) were built before recent advances in earthquake engineering, and may be susceptible to seismic ground motions. A retrofit strategy is proposed in which damping devices are distributed throughout the suspended truss structure in order to reduce the bridge response. Six ground motions suites are assembled; three synthetic motion suites representing expected CEUS motions, with special attention paid to the long-period range. The three remaining motions are recordings of actual events. A finite element model of a suspension bridge typical of those found in the CEUS was subjected to the assembled ground motions both in a baseline and retrofitted condition. The proposed retrofit strategy successfully reduced the demands on both the superstructure and substructure of the subject bridge. Specific locations for the damping devices were identified as being especially effective. The inclusion of spatial variations in the input ground motions can have a large effect on the response. The method may be useful for mitigating dynamic responses caused by wind.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
2.
Ansys, Inc. (1999). ANSYS version 5.5.2 UP19990107, SAS IP, Inc., Canonsburg, Pa.
5.
Cho, S.W., and Astaneh-Asl, A. ( 1994). “Compressive behavior of critical members of the Golden Gate bridge.” Proc., 5th U.S. National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. II, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, Calif., 713–722.
7.
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA. (1997). Structure Inventory and Appraisal of the Nation’s Bridges. Results from database query. FHWA, Washington, D.C.
9.
GTICES. (1991). Georgia Tech STRUDL User’s Manual—Revision M, Georgia Tech Integrated Comouter Systems Laboratory, Atlanta.
10.
Hanson, R.D., Aiken, I.D., Nims, D.K., Richter, P.J., and Bachman, R.E. ( 1993). “State-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice in seismic energy dissipation.” ATC-17-1, ATC, Redwood City, Calif. 449–471.
11.
Herrmann, R., and Jost, M.L. ( 1998). “Simulation of long-period ground motions for a large New Madrid earthquake.” Seismic design and construction of complex civil engineering systems, Cassaro and Cooper, eds., ASCE, Reston, Va, 1–15.
13.
Jost, M.L. ( 1989). “Long-period strong ground motions and response spectra of large historical earthquakes in the central and eastern United States from kinematic source models.” PhD dissertation, Graduate School of Saint Louis Univ., St. Louis.
14.
Li, C., and Reinhorn, A.M. ( 1995). “Expertimental and analytical investigation of seismic retrofit of structures with supplemental damping. II: Friction devices.” Rep. No. NCEER-95-0009, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y.
15.
Murphy, T.P., and Collins, K.R. ( 2000). “Retrofit of suspension bridges in the Central and Eastern United States using distributed supplemental damping.” Research Rep. UMCEE 00-13, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
16.
Newmark, N.M., and Hall, W.J. ( 1987). Earthquake Spectra and Design, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, Calif.
17.
Nuttli, O.W. ( 1987). The effects of earthquakes in the Central United States, Marion, Ill., Central United States Earthquake Consortium, Vol. 1, Monograph Series, Memphis, Tenn.
18.
Rodriguez, S., Seim, C., and Ingham, T. ( 1994). “Earthquake protective systems for the seismic upgrade of the Golden Gate Bridge.” No. Rep. NCEER-94-0009, State Univ. of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y.
19.
Thorkildsen, E., and Wang, G. (1999). “Suspension bridges unplugged.” Civ. Eng. (N.Y.), 69(3), 56–59.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 130 • Issue 10 • October 2004
Pages: 1466 - 1474
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 ASCE.
History
Published online: Oct 1, 2004
Published in print: Oct 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.