Retrofit of RC Bridge Pier with CFRP Advanced Composites
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 125, Issue 10
Abstract
In situ lateral load tests of two bridge bents were conducted on Interstate 15 to determine the strength and ductility of an existing concrete bridge and the improvements that can actually be achieved using a CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) advanced composite retrofit. The design of the advanced composite retrofit was developed based on rational guidelines for the columns, cap beam, and cap beam-column joints to double the displacement ductility of the as-built bent. The advanced composite was able to strengthen the cap beam-column joints effectively for an increase in shear stresses of 35%, while the peak lateral load capacity was increased by 16%. The displacement ductility was improved from 2.8 for the as-built bent to 6.3 for the retrofitted bent.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Alcocer, S. M., and Jirsa, O. (1993). “Strength of reinforced concrete frame connections rehabilitated by jacketing.” ACI Struct. J., 90(3), 249–261.
2.
Biddah, A., Ghobarah, A., and Aziz, T. S. (1997). “Upgrading of nonductile reinforced concrete frame connections.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 123(8), 1001–1010.
3.
Bollo, M. E., Mahin, S. A., Moehle, J. P., Stephen, R. M., and Qi, X. (1990). “Observations and implications of tests on the Cypress Street viaduct test structure.” Rep. No. UCB/EERC-90/21, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
4.
Buckle, I. G., Richardson, J. A., and Sveinsson, B. I. (1989). “Vertical response data from the Dominion Road bridge test.” Seismic Engrg.: Res. and Pract., Proc., ASCE Struct. Congr. '89, C. A. Kircher and A. K. Chopra, eds., American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, 41–50.
5.
Chajes, M. J., Januszka, T. F., Mertz, D. R., Thomson, T. A. Jr., and Finch, W. W. Jr. (1995). “Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using externally applied composite fabrics.” ACI Struct. J., 92(3), 295–303.
6.
Douglas, B. M., and Reid, W. H. (1982). “Dynamic tests and system identification of bridges.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 108(10), 2295–2312.
7.
Douglas, B. M., Maragakis, E. A., and Nath, B. (1990). “Static deformations of bridges from quick-release dynamic experiments.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 116(8), 2201–2213.
8.
Eberhard, M. O., Marsh, M. L., O'Donovan, T., and Hjartarson, G. ( 1992). “Lateral-load tests of reinforced concrete bridge.” Transp. Res. Rec. No. 1371, Bridge, Culvert and Tunnel Research, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 92–100.
9.
Gamble, W. L., and Hawkins, N. M. (1996). “Seismic retrofitting of bridge pier columns.” Proc., Struct. Congr. XIV, Vol. 1, ASCE, New York, 16–23.
10.
Gergely, I., and Pantelides, C. P. (1998). “Design aid for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete T-joints using carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites.” Res. Rep. UUCE 98-02, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
11.
Gergely, I., Pantelides, C. P., Nuismer, R. J., and Reaveley, L. D. (1998). “Bridge pier retrofit using FRP composites.”J. Compos. for Constr., ASCE, 2(4), 165–174.
12.
Gergely, I., Pantelides, C. P., and Reaveley, L. D. (1999). “Shear strengthening of RC T-joints using CFRP Composites.”J. Compos. for Constr., ASCE (in press).
13.
Lowes, L. N., and Moehle, J. P. (1995). “Seismic behavior of retrofit of older reinforced concrete bridge T-joints.” Rep. No. UCB/EERC-95/09, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
14.
Malek, A. M., and Saadatmanesh, H. (1998). “Ultimate shear capacity of RC beams strengthened with web-bonded FRP plates.” ACI Struct. J., 95(4), 391–399.
15.
Pantelides, C. P., Gergely, I., Reaveley, L. D., and Nuismer, R. J. (1997). “Rehabilitation of cap beam-column joints with carbon fiber jackets.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Struct., Sapporo, Japan, 1, Japan Concrete Institute, Tokyo.
16.
Pantelides, C. P., Gergely, I., and Reaveley, L. D. (1999). “Advanced composite retrofit design for R/C bridges.” Proc., Transp. Res. Board 78th Annu. Meeting, TRB, Washington, D.C.
17.
Prakash, V., Powell, G. H., and Filippou, F. C. (1992). “DRAIN-2DX base program user guide.” Rep. No. UCB/SEMM-92/29, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
18.
Priestley, M. J. N., Seible, F., and Calvi, G. M. (1996). Seismic design and retrofit of bridges. Wiley, New York.
19.
Priestley, M. J. N., Seible, F., MacRae, G. A., and Chai, Y. H. (1997). “Seismic assessment of the Santa Monica viaduct bent details.” ACI Struct. J., 94(5), 513–524.
20.
“Recommendations for design of beam-column joints in monolithic reinforced concrete structures.” (1991). ACI 352R-91, ACI Committee 352, American Concrete Institute, Detroit.
21.
Saadatmanesh, H., and Ehsani, M. R. (1991). “RC beams strengthened with GFRP plates: Experimental study.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 117(11), 3417–3433.
22.
Saiidi, M., and Douglas, B. M. (1984). “Effect of design seismic loads on a highway bridge.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 110(11), 2723–2735.
23.
Seible, F., Hegemier, G., Priestley, M. J. N., Innamorato, D., Weeks, J., and Policelli, F. (1994). “Carbon fiber jacket retrofit test of shear bridge column, CRC-2.” Rep. No. ACTT-94/02, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
24.
Seible, F., Priestley, M. J. N., Hegemier, G., and Innamorato, D. (1997). “Seismic retrofitting of RC columns with continuous carbon fiber jackets.”J. Compos. for Constr., ASCE, 1(2), 52–62.
25.
Sexsmith, R., Anderson, D., and English, D. (1997). “Cyclic behavior of concrete bridge bents.” ACI Struct. J., 94(2), 103–113.
26.
“Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials.” (1996). D3039/D 3039 M-95a, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa.
27.
Swamy, R. N., and Gaul, R. ( 1996). “Repair and strengthening of concrete members with adhesive bonded plates.” ACI Publ. SP-165, American Concrete Institute, Detroit.
28.
Triantafillou, T. C. (1998). “Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using epoxy-bonded FRP composites.” ACI Struct. J., 95(2), 107–115.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 125 • Issue 10 • October 1999
Pages: 1094 - 1099
History
Received: Aug 10, 1998
Published online: Oct 1, 1999
Published in print: Oct 1999
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.