Fatigue and Fracture of Riveted Bridge Members
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 116, Issue 1
Abstract
Estimates of remaining fatigue life and development of rational maintenance strategies for riveted bridges are hindered by a lack of knowledge of their resistance to fatigue and fracture. This paper presents results of fatigue tests of three types of full‐scale riveted bridge girders. If stresses are calculated using net‐section areas, detail category European Convention for Construction Steelwork (ECCS) 71 American Association of State Highway Traffic Officials [(AASHTO)D] provides a reasonable estimate of fatigue strength of mildly corroded steel and wrought‐iron elements. Also, the maximum shear stress range in rivets should not exceed 14 ksi (100 MPa). Fracture properties of wrought iron are examined in tests of Charpy specimens and fatigue‐cracked plates. Fracture toughness of wrought iron may be low and consequently it is important to obtain data corresponding to the material employed in the bridge under assessment. If toughness is low, other factors that contribute to critical crack length (e.g., built‐in stresses, geometry, and loading) become important, since critical crack lengths may not be detectable under certain conditions. Finally, a two‐criteria approach for determination of critical crack lengths has been identified to be useful for civil engineering structures.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Baker, K. A., and Kulak, G. L. (1985). “Fatigue of riveted connections.” Can. J. Civ. Engrg., 12, 184–191.
2.
Barsom, J. M., and Rolfe, S. T. (1987). Fracture and fatigue control in structures. 2nd Ed., Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
3.
Brühwiler, E. (1986). “Essais de fatigue sur des poutres à treillis double en fer puddlé.” ICOM Report 159, Swiss Fed. Inst. of Tech., Lausanne, Switzerland.
4.
Cullimore, M. S. (1986). “The Clifton suspension bridge—Preservation for utilisation.” IABSE Proc. P‐100/86, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, Zurich.
5.
Fisher, J. W. (1984). Fatigue and fracture in steel bridges—Case studies. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
6.
“Methods for crack‐tip opening displacement (CTOD) testing.” (1979). BS5762, British Standards Instn.
7.
Nanstad, R. K. (1986). “Fracture toughness of a wrought‐iron bridge material.” 19th Annual Tech. Meeting, Int. Metallographic Society, International Metallographic Society.
8.
Out, J. M. M., Fisher, J. W., and Yen, B. T. (1984). “Fatigue strength of weathered and deteriorated riveted members.” Fritz Lab. Report No. 483‐3, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, Pa.
9.
Pellini, W. S. (1983). Guidelines for fracture‐safe and fatigue‐reliable design of steel structures. The Welding Institute, U.K.
10.
Rabemanantsoa, H., and Hirt, M. A. (1984). “Comportement à la fatigue de profilés laminés avec semelles de renfort rivetées.” ICOM Report 133, Swiss Federal Inst. of Tech., Lausanne, Switzerland.
11.
“Recommendations for the fatigue design of steel structures.” (1985). Publication No. 43, European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS) Technical Commitee 6, Brussels, Belgium.
12.
Reemsnyder, H. S. (1975). “Fatigue life extension of riveted connections.” J. Struct. Div., 12, 184–191.
13.
“Statistical analysis of fatigue tests on steel riveted connections.” (1986). DT 176 (D 154), Office for Research and Experiments of the International Union of Railways (ORE), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
14.
Stier, W., Kosteas, D., and Graf, U. (1983). “Ermüdungsverhalten von Brücken aus Schweisseisen.” Stahlbau, 52, 136–142.
15.
“Schweisseiserne Brücken.” (1978). Teil 2: Materialeigenschaften, Swiss Railways, Abteilune Bruckenbau, Bern.
16.
Van Maarschalkerwaart, H. M. C. M. (1982). “Fatigue behaviour of riveted joints.” Fatigue of steel and concrete structures, International Association for Bridge and Structural Steelwork, Zurich.
17.
“Verordnung betreffend Berechnung und Prüfung der eisernen Brücken—und Dachkonstruktionen auf den schweizerischen Eisenbahnen.” (1892). Swiss Government Ordinance, Bern.
18.
Wells, A. A. (1961). “Unstable crack propagation in metals: Cleavage and fast fracture.” Proc. symp. on crack propagation, 1, Cranfield, U.K.
19.
Wilson, W. M., and Munse, W. H. (1952). “Fatigue strength of various details used for the repair of bridge members.” Proc. AREA, 53.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 116 • Issue 1 • January 1990
Pages: 198 - 214
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1990
Published in print: Jan 1990
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.