TECHNICAL PAPERS
Aug 1, 1985

Variability in Long‐Term Concrete Deformations

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 111, Issue 8

Abstract

The deformation properties of concrete significantly influence the behavior of complex concrete structures. These properties are subject to large variabilities and it is therefore not possible to accurately predict the structural response. The sources of these variabilities are first examined, and an example is then presented of the long term deformation calculations in a multiple span bridge. Finally, a procedure using the finite element method, is proposed for predicting the variability in the shortening of the bridge. A number of analyses are performed for selected combinations of material properties, and the deformation at different time steps are calculated. Polinomial models are then fitted to the results at each time step. These models are used to calculate the distribution of the response, the confidence limits and estimates of the decomposition of the variance of the response. The results indicate that the variability in the response can be reduced by performing selected tests on the actual material, and using that data to adjust the numerical material models.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
American Concrete Institute Committee 209, “Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage and Temperature Effects,” Draft, American Concrete Institute, 1978.
2.
American Concrete Institute, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, ACI 318‐83, Detroit, Ill., 1983.
3.
Anderson, C. A., “Numerical Creep Analysis of Structures,” Creep and Shrinkage in Concrete Structures, John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1982.
4.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., “Mathematical Models for Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete,” Creep and Shrinkage in Concrete Structures, John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1982, pp. 163–256.
5.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., and Najjar, L. J., “Comparison of Approximate Linear Methods for Concrete Creep,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. ST9, Sept., 1973, pp. 1851–1874.
6.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., and Ong, J. S., “Creep in Continuous Beam Built Span‐by‐Span,” Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 109, No. 7, July, 1983, pp. 1648–1668.
7.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., and Panula, L., “Practical Prediction of Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete,” Materials and Structures, Parts I and II, Vol. 11, No. 68, 1978, pp. 307–328;
Parts III and IV, Vol. 11, No. 69, pp. 415–434;
Parts V and VI, Vol. 12, No. 72.
8.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., and Panula, L., “Creep and Shrinkage Characterization for Analyzing Prestressed Concrete Structures,” Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 25, No. 3, May/June, 1980, pp. 86–122.
9.
Baz˘ant, Z. P., and Wu, S. T., “Dirichlet Series Creep Function for Aging Concrete,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. EM2, April, 1973, pp. 367–387.
10.
Box, E. P., Hunter, W. G., and Hunter, J. S., Statistics of Experiments, John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1978.
11.
Browne, R. D., “Properties of Concrete in Reactor Vessels,” Proceedings of the Conference on Prestressed Concrete Reactor Pressure Vessels, Institution of Civil Engineering, London, Paper 13, 1967, pp. 11–13.
12.
CEB/FIP Model Code for Concrete Structure, Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte, 1978.
13.
Cornelissen, H. A. W., “Creep of Concrete—A Stochastic Quantity,” Fundamental Research on Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1982, pp. 109–124.
14.
Cuonto, U. J., “The Effects of the Elastic Modulus of the Aggregate on the Elastic Modulus, Creep and Creep Recovery of Concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 16, No. 48, 1966, pp. 129–138.
15.
Fisher, L., and McDonald, J., Fixed Effects Analysis of Variance, Academic Press, New York, 1978.
16.
Hilsdorf, H. K., and Muller, H. S., “Comparison of Methods to Predict Time‐Dependent Strains of Concrete,” Institute für Baustofftechnologie, Universität Karlsrühe, 1979.
17.
Hobbs, D. W., “The Dependence of the Bulk Modulus, Young's Modulus, Creep, Shrinkage, and Thermal Expansion of Concrete upon Aggregate Volume Concentration,” Materiaux et Constructions, Vol. 4, No. 20, 1970, pp. 107–114.
18.
Madsen, H. O., and Baz˘ant, Z. P., “Uncertainty Analysis of Creep and Shrinkage Effects in Concrete Structures,” Journal of the American Concrete Institute, Vol. 80, No. 2, March/April, 1983, pp. 116–127.
19.
Montgomery, D. C., and Peck, E. A., Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1982.
20.
Neville, A. M., Properties of Concrete, 3rd Ed., Pitman Publishers, London, 1981.
21.
Tadros, M. K., Ghali, A., and Dilger, W. H., “Long‐Term Stresses and Deformation of Segmental Bridges,” Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 24, No. 4, April, 1974, pp. 67–87.
22.
Van Zyl, S. F., and Scordelis, A. C., “Analysis of Curved, Prestressed Segmental Bridges,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 105, No. ST11, Nov., 1979, pp. 2399–2417.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 111Issue 8August 1985
Pages: 1792 - 1809

History

Published online: Aug 1, 1985
Published in print: Aug 1985

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Daniel J. W. Wium
Engr., Van Wyk and Louw Inc., P.O. Box 905, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
Oral Buyukozturk, M. ASCE
Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., 02139

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share