Optimization of Structural Concrete Beams
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110, Issue 7
Abstract
A computer approach to the optimal design of structural concrete beams is presented. The approach allows the optimization for a variety of possible merit functions, considers all relevant limit state constraints by any standard code (as well as other desirable engineering and construction requirements) and is valid for reinforced, prestressed and partially prestressed concrete members. The problem formulation and a nonlinear programming technique for its solution are briefly described. Four numerical examples illustrate some of the capabilities of the optimization program: (1) Minimizing the amount of reinforcement for a given concrete section; (2) assessing the effect of steel cost ratios on optimal solutions; (3) optimizing the section shape of partially prestressed concrete beams; and (4) analysis of given designs with regard to all relevant criteria.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abeles, P. W., “Design of Partially Prestressed Concrete Beams,” ACI Journal, Vol. 64, No. 10, Oct., 1967, pp. 669–677.
2.
ACI Committee 318, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, (ACI 318‐77), Detroit, Michigan, 1978.
3.
Bachmann, H., “Partial Prestressing of Concrete Structures,” IABSE Survey S‐11, ACTA Periodical, Nov., 1979, pp. 1–20.
4.
Beeby, A. W., “Cracking, Cover and Corrosion of Reinforcement,” ACI, Concrete International, Vol. 5, No. 2, Feb., 1983, pp. 35–40.
5.
Best, M. J., “FCDPAK: A Fortran IV Subroutine to Solve Differentiable Mathematical Programs—User's Guide—Level 3.1,” Research Report CORR 75‐24, Department of Combinatorics and Optimization, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 1973.
6.
Birkeland, B. W., “How to Design Prestressed Concrete Beams of Minimum Cross Section,” ACI Journal, Vol. 71, No. 12, Dec., 1974, pp. 634–641.
7.
Branson, D. E., Deformation of Concrete Structures, McGraw‐Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1977.
8.
Cohn, M. Z., and Bartlett, M., “Computer‐Simulated Flexural Tests of Partially Prestressed Concrete Sections,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 108, No. ST12, Dec., 1982, pp. 2747–2765.
9.
Cohn, M. Z., and MacRae, A. J., “Prestressing Optimization and Design Practice,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nonlinearity and Continuity in Prestressed Concrete, Preliminary Publication, Vol. 1, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, July 4–6, 1983, pp. 171–194.
10.
CSA/NBC Joint Committee on Reinforced Concrete Design, Code for the Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings, (CAN3‐A23.3‐M77), Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada, 1977.
11.
DeDonato, O., Franchi, A., and Sacchi, G., “Optimal Design of Prestressed Concrete Beams by Minicomputer,” Proceedings of the ASCE‐CSCE‐ACI‐CEB International Symposium on Nonlinear Design of Concrete Structures, SM Study No. 14, Solid Mechanics Division, University of Waterloo Press, Ontario, Canada, 1980, pp. 273–292.
12.
Goble, G. G., and Lapay, W. S., “Optimal Design of Prestressed Beams,” ACI Journal, Vol. 68, No. 9, Sept., 1971, pp. 712–718.
13.
Hatcher, D. S., “Direct Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 104, No. ST8, Aug., 1978, pp. 1231–1249.
14.
Hatcher, D. S., “Standard Prestressed Concrete Beam Design,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. ST1, Jan., 1980, pp. 23–26.
15.
Huber, A., “Practical Design of Partially Prestressed Concrete Beams,” ACI, Concrete International, Vol. 5, No. 4, Apr., 1983, pp. 49–54.
16.
Kirsch, U., “Optimized Prestressing by Linear Programming,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 7, 1973, pp. 125–136.
17.
Kirsch, U., “Optimum Design of Prestressed Plates,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. ST6, June, 1973, pp. 1075–1090.
18.
MacRae, A. J., “Optimal Design of Partially Prestressed Concrete Beams,” thesis presented at the University of Waterloo, at Ontario, Canada, in 1983, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree.
19.
Marro, P., “Optimal Limit State Design with Unbonded Prestressing Tendons,” Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 32, No. 113, Dec., 1980, pp. 227–240.
20.
Menn, C., “Partial Prestressing from the Designer's Point of View,” ACI, Concrete International, Vol. 5, No. 3, Mar., 1983, pp. 52–59.
21.
Morris, D., “Prestressed Concrete Design by Linear Programming,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 104, No. ST3, Mar., 1978, pp. 439–452.
22.
Moustafa, S. E., “Design of Partially Prestressed Concrete Flexural Members,” PCI Journal, Vol. 22, No. 3, May/June, 1977, pp. 12–28.
23.
Naaman, A. E., “Minimum Cost Versus Minimum Weight of Prestressed Slabs,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 102, No. ST7, July, 1976, pp. 1493–1505.
24.
Naaman, A. E., “Optimal Design of Prestressed Concrete Tension Members,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 108, No. ST8, Aug., 1982, pp. 1722–1738.
25.
Naaman, A. E., and Siriaksorn, A., “Serviceability Based Design of Partially Prestressed Concrete Beams,” PCI Journal, Part 1, Vol. 24, No. 2, Mar./Apr., 1979, pp. 64–89;
Part 2, Vol. 24, No. 3, May/June, 1979, pp. 40–60.
26.
Rabbat, B. G., and Russel, H. G., “Optimized Sections for Pre‐tensioned Concrete Bridge Girders in U.S.A.,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Short and Medium Span Bridges, Vol. 2, CSCE, Toronto, Canada, Aug., 1982, pp. 97–112.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110 • Issue 7 • July 1984
Pages: 1573 - 1588
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1984
Published in print: Jul 1984
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.