Rapid Evaluations of Anticlogging Performance of Drip Emitters by Laboratorial Short-Cycle Tests
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 3
Abstract
Emitter clogging is the most annoying problem that restrains the development of drip irrigation technologies, but so far, there have been no effective evaluation methods for the anticlogging performance of drip emitters. In this study, a kind of short-cycle experiment was conducted in the laboratory by mixing sands with various concentrates and particle sizes in irrigation water. Through these tests, the clogging rates that quantitatively represent the clogging status of drip emitters in various experimental conditions were obtained, as well as the variation rules of emitter discharges. The statistical calculation results indicated that the anticlogging performance of predepositing drippers was better than round-flow drip tapes, but less than eddy drip arrows. The discharges of every emitter tested differed from each other and most were lower than nominal discharge rates. However, a few emitters had a contrary result. An important modification had been done for the Christiansen uniformity coefficient to accurately evaluate irrigation uniformity and the clogging status of drip emitters. As a result, a new method of rapid evaluation for the anticlogging performance of drip emitters was proposed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This study is supported by the state “863” project of China CFD modeling and development of drip emitters, Grant No. UNSPECIFIED2006AA100214-8, Postdoctoral Science Fund of China Modeling and numerical simulation of structure-water-solid-gas multidimensional coupling flow field in drip emitters, Grant No. UNSPECIFIED20060400248, and the Transferring of Agricultural Achievements of Science and Technology Fund Production and popularization of HW series of drip emitters, Grant No. UNSPECIFIED2006GB23600448.
References
Boman, B. J. (1995). “Effects of orifice size on microsprinkler clogging rates.” Appl. Eng. Agric., 11(6), 839–843.
Boman, B. J. (2001). “Ant impairment of Florida micro irrigation systems.” Appl. Eng. Agric., 17(3), 797–802.
Bralts, V. F., Wu, I. P., and Gitlin, H. M. (1981). “Manufacturing variation and drip uniformity.” Trans. ASAE, 24(1), 113–119.
Capra, A., and Scicolone, B. (2005). “Assessing dripper clogging and filtering performance using municipal wastewater.” Irrig. Drain., 54, 71–79.
Chieng, S., and Ghaemi, A. (2003). “Uniformity in a microirrigation with partially clogged emitters.” ASAE Paper No. 032097, ASAE, St. Joseph, Mich.
DehghaniSanij, H., Yamamoto, T., and Ould Ahmad, B. (2005). “The effect of chlorine on emitter clogging induced by algae and protozoa and the performance of drip irrigation.” Trans. ASAE, 48(2), 519–527.
DehghaniSanij, H., Yamamoto, T., and Rasiah, V. (2003). “Control of clogging in microirrigation using wastewater in Tohaku, Japan.” ASAE Meeting Paper No. 032027, ASAE, St. Joseph, Mich.
Ford, H. W. (1984). “Problem of emitter clogging and methods for control.” Citrus Ind., 65(7), 46–49, 52, 60.
Keller, J., and Bliesner, R. D. (1990). Sprinkler and trickle irrigation, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Nakayama, F. S., and Bucks, D. A. (1981). “Emitter clogging effects on trickle irrigation uniformity.” Trans. ASAE, 24(1), 77–80.
Oron, G., DeMalach, J., and Hoffman, Z. (1991). “Subsurface microirrigation with effluent.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 117(1), 25–36.
Palau-Salvador, G., Arviza-Valverde, G. J., and Bralts, V. F. (2004). “Hydraulic flow behavior through an in-line emitter labyrinth using CFD techniques.” ASAE Paper No. 042252, ASAE, St. Joseph, Mich.
Pedras, C. M. G., and Pereira, L. S. (2002). “Evaluation and simulation analysis of microirrigation systems.” ASAE Meeting Paper No. 022255, ASAE, St. Joseph, Mich.
Pitts, D. J., Haman, D. Z., and Smajstrla, A. G. (1990). “Causes and prevention of emitter plugging in microirrigation systems.” Institute of Food and Agricultural Science Bulletin No. 258, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
Rowan, M., Mancl, K., and Tuovinen, O. H. (2004). “Clogging incidence of drip irrigation emitters distributing effluents of differing levels of treatment.” Proc., 10th National Symp. on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems—On-Site Wastewater Treatment X, ASAE, Sacramento, Calif., 84–91.
Subramanian, K., and Senthilvel, S. (2003). “Reliability analysis of trickle emitter clogging using Weibull distribution.” Int. Agric. Eng. J., 12(3–4), 179–190.
Talozi, S. A., and Hills, D. J. (2001). “Simulating emitter clogging in a microirrigation subunit.” Trans. ASAE, 44(6), 1503–1509.
Wei, Q. S., Shi, Y. S., Dong, W. C., Lu, G., and Huang, S. H. (2006). “Study on hydraulic performance of drip emitters by computational fluid dynamics.” Agric. Water Manage., 84(1–2), 130–136.
Wu, I. P., and Gitlin, H. M. (1983). “Drip irrigation application efficiency and schedules.” Trans. ASAE, 26(1), 92–99.
Zhai, G. L., Lv, M. C., and Wang, H. (1999). “The clogging and its recovery for micro-irrigation systems.” Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Eng. (CSAE), 15(1), 144–147.
Zhu, L. R., and Cui, C. L. (2005). “The clogging and its disposal methods for subsurface drip irrigation.” J. Soil Water Conservat., 12(2), 111–112.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 3 • June 2008
Pages: 298 - 304
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Mar 29, 2007
Accepted: Aug 13, 2007
Published online: Jun 1, 2008
Published in print: Jun 2008
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.