TECHNICAL PAPERS
Dec 1, 1985

Brink Depth in Nonaerated Overfalls

Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 111, Issue 4

Abstract

Small drop structures employed in irrigation canals are often not ventilated. In this paper the importance of the residual pressure at the brink of a rectangular overfall is quantified by means of the 1‐D momentum equation. The pressure acting below the nappe under nonaerated conditions is studied experimentally and correlated to the drop height in nondimensional terms. Comparison is made with relevant results for ventilated drop structures and criterion for defining a low drop is proposed. The results of pressure estimates are then used for a theoretical evaluation of the brink depth ratio as a function of the nondimensional drop height. The theoretical predictions are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results.

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References

1.
Christodoulou, G. C., Noutsopoulos, G. C., and Andreou, S. A., “Factors Affecting Brink Depth in Rectangular Overfalls,” presented at the April, 1984, International Conference on Hydraulic Design in Water Resources Engineering, held at Southampton, U.K.
2.
Gill, M. A., “Hydraulics of Rectangular Vertical Drop Structures,” Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 17, No. 4, 1979, pp. 289–302.
3.
Kraijenhoff, D. A., and Dommerholt, A., “Brink Depth Method in Rectangular Channel,” Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, ASCE, Vol. 103, No. IR2, 1977, pp. 171–177.
4.
Markland, E., “Calculation of Flow at a Free Overfall by Relaxation Method,” Inst. of Civil Engineers, 1965, pp. 71–78.
5.
Moore, W. L., “Energy Loss at the Base of a Free Overfall,” Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 108, 1943.
6.
Noutsopoulos, G. C., “Hydraulic Characteristics in a Straight Drop Structure of Trapezoidal Cross Section,” presented at the April, 1984, International Conference on Hydraulic Design in Water Resources Engineering, held at Southampton, U.K.
7.
Rand, W., “Flow Geometry at Straight Drop Spillways,” Proceedings, ASCE, Vol. 81, 1955.
8.
Rajararnam, N., and Muralidhar, M., “Characteristics of the Rectangular Free Overfall,” Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1968, pp. 233–258.
9.
Replogle, J. A., discussion of “End Depth at a Drop in Trapezoidal Channels,” by M. H. Diskin, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 88, No. HY2, Feb., 1962, pp. 161–165.
10.
Rouse, H., “Discharge Characteristics of the Free Overfall,” Civil Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1936, pp. 257–260.
11.
Strelkoff, T., and Moayeri, M. S., “Pattern of Potential Flow in a Free Overfall,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 96, No. HY4, Apr., 1970, pp. 879–901.
12.
White, M. P., discussion of “Energy Loss at the Base of a Free Overfall,” by W. L. Moore, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 108, 1943.

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Go to Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 111Issue 4December 1985
Pages: 395 - 403

History

Published online: Dec 1, 1985
Published in print: Dec 1985

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Authors

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George C. Christodoulou, A. M. ASCE
Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., National. Tech. Univ. of Athens, Greece

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