Laboratory Investigation of Mean Drag in a Random Array of Rigid, Emergent Cylinders
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Volume 134, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper investigates the drag exerted by randomly distributed, rigid, emergent circular cylinders of uniform diameter . Laboratory measurements are presented for solid volume fraction , 0.15, 0.20, 0.27, and 0.35 and cylinder Reynolds number to 685, where =temporally and cross-sectionally averaged pore velocity and =kinematic viscosity. These ranges coincide with conditions in aquatic plant canopies. The temporally and cross-sectionally averaged drag coefficient, , decreased with increasing and increased with increasing under the flow conditions investigated. The dimensionless ratio of the mean drag per unit cylinder length to the product of the viscosity, , and exhibits a linear dependence of the form , consistent with Ergun’s formulation for packed columns. In the range of experimental conditions, increases monotonically with . In contrast, is constant within uncertainty for , which suggests that viscous drag per unit cylinder length is independent of in this range.
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Acknowledgments
This material is based on work supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. NSFEAR-0509658 and EAR-6895392. Any opinions, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The writers thank undergraduate students Lucy L. Wu and Sheung Yan Sueann Lee for their assistance with the experiments and Brian L. White for providing unpublished ADV measurements from his Master’s thesis (White 2002). The writers also thank the three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for their comments on the manuscript.
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© 2008 ASCE.
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Received: Jan 30, 2007
Accepted: Jun 22, 2007
Published online: Jan 1, 2008
Published in print: Jan 2008
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