New Method for Estimation of Discharge

A new technique for drawing isovel patterns in an open or closed channel is presented. It is assumed that the velocity at each arbitrary point in the conduit is affected by the hydraulic characteristics of the boundary. While any velocity profile can be applied to the model, a power-law formula is used here. In addition to the isovels patterns, the energy and momentum correction factors ( $\alpha$ and $\beta$ ), the ratio of mean to maximum velocity $(V∕u_{\max })$ , and the position of the maximum velocity are calculated. To examine the results obtained, the model was applied to a pipe with a circular cross section. A comparison between the profiles of the proposed model and the available power-law profile indicated that the two profiles were coincident with each other over the majority of the cross section. Furthermore, the predicted isovels were compared with velocity measurements in the main flow direction obtained along the centerline and lateral direction of a rectangular flume. The estimated discharge, based on measured points on the upper half of the flow depth away from the boundaries was within $\pm 7\%$ of the measured and much better in comparison to the prediction of one- and two-point methods. The prediction of the depth-averaged velocity values for the River Severn in the United Kingdom shows a good agreement with the measured data and the best analytical results obtained by the depth-averaged Navier–Stokes equations.