Effects of Groyne Layout on the Flow in Groyne Fields: Laboratory Experiments
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 131, Issue 9
Abstract
This research is aimed at finding efficient alternative designs, in the physical, economical, and ecological sense, for the standard groynes as they are found in the large rivers of Europe. In order to test the effects of various groyne shapes on the flow in a groyne field, experiments were performed in a physical model of a schematized river reach, geometrically scaled 1:40. Four different types of schematized groynes were tested, all arranged in an array of five identical groyne fields, i.e., standard reference groynes, groynes with a head having a gentle slope and extending into the main channel, permeable groynes consisting of pile rows, and hybrid groynes consisting of a lowered impermeable groyne with a pile row on top. Flow velocities were measured using particle tracking velocimetry. The design of the experiment was such that the cross-sectional area blocked by the groyne was the same in all cases. Depending on the groyne head shape and the extent of submergence variations in the intensity of vortex shedding and recirculation in the groyne field were observed. The experimental data are used to understand the physical processes like vortex formation and detachment near the groyne head. It is demonstrated that the turbulence properties near and downstream of the groyne can be manipulated by changing the permeability and slope of the groyne head. It is also observed that for submerged conditions the flow becomes complex and locally dominated by three-dimensional effects, which will make it difficult to predict by applying depth average numerical models or by three-dimensional models with a coarse resolution in the vertical direction.
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Acknowledgments
M. van der Wal of the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Division of the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management is gratefully acknowledged for supporting this research. The writer is indebted to Michelle Berg and Mohamed Yossef for their contributions to the experimental work.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 131 • Issue 9 • September 2005
Pages: 782 - 791
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 7, 2003
Accepted: Dec 21, 2004
Published online: Sep 1, 2005
Published in print: Sep 2005
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