Case Study: Particle Velocimetry in a Model of Lake Ogallala
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 7
Abstract
In a case study of Lake Ogallala, a reservoir in central Nebraska, large scale particle tracking velocimetry (LSPTV) is used to measure surface velocities in a physical model of the lake. Knowledge of flow patterns in the lake is essential for predicting the transport of dissolved oxygen (DO). A preliminary comparison with acoustic Doppler velocimetery (ADV) measurements shows that both LSPTV and large scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) accurately measure surface velocities. In the present study, LSPTV works better near flow boundaries and in regions with high velocity gradients since smaller sampling areas are possible, and unlike LSPIV measurements, LSPTV measurements are unbiased. Discharges measured at eight different transects using LSPTV were within 6% of the discharge measured with an orifice, the worst correlation occurring where the bathymetry was slightly nonuniform (making application of the 1/7-power law suspect). In the prototype, DO content periodically drops to unacceptable levels throughout most of the Keystone Basin (a subbasin of Lake Ogallala). Predicted flow patterns suggest that low DO problems are exacerbated in regions with low velocities since oxygen consumed by macrophytes during nighttime hours is not quickly replenished.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Admiraal, D., and Stansbury, J. (2001). “Characterization of flow circulation in a tailwater reservoir using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and a 1:230 scale physical model.” Proc., 1st World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, ASCE (EWRI), Reston, Va.
Adrian, R. J.(1986). “Multi—point optical measurements of simultaneous vectors in unsteady flow-a review.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 7(2), 127–145.
Carollo, F. G., Ferro, V., and Termini, D.(2002). “Flow velocity measurements in vegetated channels.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 128(7), 664–673.
Chang, T. P. K., Watson, A. T., and Tatterson, G. B.(1985). “Image processing of tracer particle motions as applied to mixing and turbulent flow. I. The technique.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 40, 269–275.
Cowen, E. A., and Monismith, S. G.(1997). “A hybrid digital particle tracking velocimetry technique.” Exp. Fluids, 22, 199–211.
Ettema, R., Fujita, I., Muste, M., and Kruger, A.(1997a). “Particle-image velocimetry for whole-field measurement of ice velocities.” Cold Regions Sci. Technol., 26(2), 97–112.
Ettema, R., Fujita, I., Muste, M., and Kruger, A. (1997b). “Particle-image velocimetry for ice-field velocities.” Proc., 27th IAHR Congress, Theme B, Vol. 1, San Francisco, 137–142.
Fujita, A., Aya, S., and Deguchi, T. (1997). “Surface velocity measurement of river flow using video images of an oblique angle.” Proc., 27th IAHR Congress, Theme B, Vol. 1, San Francisco, 227–232.
Fujita, I., Muste, M., and Kruger, A.(1998). “Large-scale particle image velocimetry for flow analysis in hydraulic applications.” J. Hydraul. Res., 36(3), 397–414.
Gifford, W. A., and Scriven, L. E.(1971). “On the attraction of floating particles.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 26, 287–297.
Keane, R. D., and Adrian, R. J.(1992). “Theory of cross-correlation analysis of PIV images.” Appl. Sci. Res., 49, 191–215.
Landreth, C. C., Adrian, R. J., and Yao, C. S.(1988). “Double pulsed particle image velocimeter with directional resolution for complex flows.” Exp. Fluids, 6, 119–128.
Liu, Z., Landreth, C. C., Adrian, R. J., and Hanratty, T. J.(1991). “High resolution measurement of turbulent structure in a channel with particle image velocimetry.” Exp. Fluids, 10, 301–312.
Lloyd, P. M., Ball, D. J., and Stansby, P. K.(1995). “Unsteady surface-velocity field measurement using particle tracking velocimetry.” J. Hydraul. Res., 33(4), 519–534.
Lloyd, P. M., and Stansby, P. K.(1997). “Shallow-water flow around model conical islands of small side slope. I: Surface piercing.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 123(12), 1057–1067.
Maas, H. G., Gruen, A., and Papantoniou, D.(1993). “Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows. Part 1. Photogrammetric determination of particle coordinates.” Exp. Fluids, 15, 133–146.
Malik, N. A., Dracos, Th., and Papantoniou, D.(1993). “Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows. Part 2. Particle tracking.” Exp. Fluids, 15, 279–294.
Meselhe E. A., Bradley A., Kruger A., and Muste, M. (2000). “Low flow measurement in streams using video imagery.” Building Partnerships, ASCE/EWRI Water Resources Conf., Minneapolis.
Muste, M., Xiong, S., and Kruger, A. (1999). “Error estimation in PIV applied to large-scale flows.” 3rd Int. Workshop on PIV, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Orlins, J., and Gulliver, J. (2001). “Measurements of free surface turbulence.” Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces: Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Air-Water Gas Exchange, M. A. Donelan, W. M. Drennan, E. S. Saltzman, and R. Wanninkhof, eds., AGU Press, Washington, D.C.
Prasad, A. K., Adrian, R. J., Landreth, C. C., and Offutt, P. W.(1992). “Effect of resolution on the speed and accuracy of particle image velocimetry interrogation.” Exp. Fluids, 13, 105–116.
Raffel, M., Willert, C., and Kompenhans, J. (1998). Particle image velocimetry. A practical guide, R. J. Adrian, M. Gharib, W. Merzkirch, D. Rockwell, and J. H. Whitelaw, eds., Springer, Berlin.
Weitbrecht, V., Kühn, G., and Jirka, G. H.(2002). “Large scale PIV-measurements at the surface of shallow water flows.” Flow Meas. Instrum., 13, 237–245.
Westerweel, J. (1993). “Digital particle image velocimetry—theory and application.” PhD dissertation, Delft University Press, Delft, The Netherlands.
Westerweel, J., Draad, A. A., van der Hoeven, J. G. Th, and van Oord, J.(1996). “Measurement of fully developed turbulent pipe flow with digital particle image velocimetry.” Exp. Fluids, 20, 165–177.
Willert, C. E., and Gharib, M.(1991). “Digital particle image velocimetry.” Exp. Fluids, 10, 181–193.
Wilson, C. A. M. E., Stoesser, T., Bates, P. D., and Batemann Pinzen, A.(2003). “Open channel flow through different forms of submerged flexible vegetation.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 129(11), 847–853.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 13, 2003
Accepted: Oct 20, 2003
Published online: Jun 15, 2004
Published in print: Jul 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.