TECHNICAL NOTES
Jul 15, 2002

Simple Guide for Design of Air Vessels for Water Hammer Protection of Pumping Lines

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Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 128, Issue 8

Abstract

Air vessels offer an effective means of reducing water hammer overpressures and negative pressures due to pump trip in pipelines. The process of sizing air vessels is simplified with the nomographs presented. Both air volume and total vessel size are calculated. The size can be minimized by correct selection of outlet and inlet connector diameter, and guides are provided to make these selections.

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References

Charlatte. (1997). Hydrochoc anti water hammer units, Migennes.
Graze, H. R., and Horlacher, H. B. (1986). “Design charts for throttled (bypass) air chamber.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. Pressure Surges, BHRA Cranfield, Hannover, 309–322.
Graze, H. R., and Horlacher, H. B. (1989). “Design of optimum sized air cushion surge chambers.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. Pressure Surges, BHRA, Cambridge, 383–397.
Kinno, H.(1968). “Water hammer control in centrifugal pump systems.” Proc. ASCE, 94(HY3), 619–639.
Parmakian, J. (1963). Water hammer analysis, Dover, New York.
Stephenson, D.(1966). “Water hammer charts including fluid friction.” Proc. ASCE, 92(HY5), 71–94.
Stephenson, D. (1989). Pipeline design for water engineers, 3rd Ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Stephenson, D.(1997). “Effects of air valves and pipework on water hammer pressures.” J. Transp. Eng., 123(2), 101–106.
Thorley, A. R. D. (1991). Fluid transients in pipeline systems, D. L. George, U.K.

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Go to Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 128Issue 8August 2002
Pages: 792 - 797

History

Received: Nov 3, 1998
Accepted: Feb 8, 2002
Published online: Jul 15, 2002
Published in print: Aug 2002

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Authors

Affiliations

D. Stephenson, F.ASCE
Director, Water Systems Research Group, Univ. of the Witwatersrand, P.O. Box 277, WITS 2050, South Africa.

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