Coupled Modeling of Alluvial Flows
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 123, Issue 5
Abstract
Full recognition of the physical coupling of water and sediment phases of alluvial flows leads to the need for a concurrent solution of the water-routing and sediment-routing components in mobile-bed river modeling. In this paper the coupled and uncoupled methods of alluvial stream modeling are compared. A newly developed coupled model of one-dimensional riverine water and sediment flow, called COUPFLEX, is briefly introduced. Several schemes in discretization of the sediment continuity equation, often used in uncoupled approaches, are mentioned. Two elaborate flume tests on river degradation are briefly described. Experimental data is used to compare the performance of COUPFLEX with that of the uncoupled approaches. This comparison highlights the advantages of the coupled method over the traditional uncoupled method. Performing several numerical tests, some aspects of numerical modeling of alluvial flows are briefly dealt with. These include problems resulting from the use of equilibrium relations in nonequilibrium situations; the dominant role of empirical sediment transport and hydraulic resistance formulas in the accuracy of the answers from any alluvial flow model; significance of the computational time step; violation of the sediment mass conservation law; and the use of approximate water-routing models.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abbott, M. B., and Basco, D. R. (1989). Computational fluid dynamics, an introduction for engineers. Longman Scientific & Technical, John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y.
2.
Bagnold, R. A. (1986). “Transport of solids by natural water flow: Evidence for a worldwide correlation.”Proc., Royal Soc. of London, London, U.K., A405, 369–374.
3.
Brownlie, W. R. (1981). “Prediction of flow depth and sediment discharge in open channels.”Rep. kh-R-43A, W. M. Keck Lab. of Hydr. and Water Resour., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, Calif.
4.
Chang, H. H.(1982). “Mathematical model for erodible channels.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 108(5), 678–689.
5.
Correia, L., Krishnappan, B. G., and Graf, W. H.(1992). “Fully coupled unsteady mobile boundary flow model.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 118(3), 476–494.
6.
Cunge, J. A., Holly, F. M. Jr., and Verwey, A. S. (1980). Practical aspects of computational river hydraulics. Pitman Publ. Ltd., New York, N.Y.
7.
Cunge, J. A., and Predreau, N.(1973). “Mobile bed fluvial mathematical models.”La Houille Blance, Grenoble, France, 7, 562–580.
8.
de Vries, M. (1981). “Morphological computations.”Lect. Notes, F10a.I, Technische Hogeschool, Afdelingder Civele Techniek, Delft, The Netherlands.
9.
Gessler, J. (1971). “Aggradation and degradation.”River Mechanics, H. W. Shen, ed., Vol. 1, H. W. Shen, Fort Collins, Colo.
10.
Gomez, B., and Church, M.(1989). “An assessment of bed load sediment transport formulae for gravel bed rivers.”Water Resourc. Res., 25(6), 1161–1186.
11.
Graf, W. H. (1971). Hydraulic of sediment transport. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., N.Y.
12.
Gysel, A. V., Huggens, M., and Verhoeven, R. (1992). “Mathematical simulation of nonpermanent river flow with movable bed.”Proc., Hydrosoft 1992 Fluid Flow Modelling, Blain and Cabera, eds.
13.
Holly, F. M. Jr., Cunge, J. A., Wignyosukarto, B., and Einhelling, R. (1987). “Coupled implicit simulation of mobile-bed rivers.”Proc., Nat. Conf. on Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, New York, N.Y.
14.
Holly, F. M. Jr., and Rahuel, J. L. (1989). “Advances in computational mobile-bed hydraulics.”Sediment transport modeling, Proc., Int. Symp., S. S. Y. Wang, ed., New York, N.Y.
15.
Holly, F. M. Jr., and Rahuel, J. L.(1990a). “New numerical/physical framework for mobile-bed modeling, part 1. Test applications.”J. Hydr. Res., 28(5), 545–563.
16.
Holly, F. M. Jr., and Rahuel, J. L.(1990b). “New numerical/physical framework for mobile-bed modeling, part 1. Numerical and physical principles.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, 28(4), 401–416.
17.
Holly, F. M. Jr., Yang, J. C., Schwarz, P., Schaefer, J., Hsu, S. H., and Einhellig, R. (1990). “CHARIMA, numerical simulation of unsteady water and sediment movement in multiply connected networks of mobile-bed channels.”IIHR Rep. No. 343, Iowa Inst. of Hydr. Res., Iowa City, Iowa.
18.
Hosseinipour, Z. (1989). “Development and application of a fluvial hydrodynamic and sediment transport model.”Hydraulic and environmental modelling of coastal, estuarine and river waters, R. A. Falconer, et al. eds., McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
19.
Lai, C.(1991). “Modeling alluvial channel flow by multimode characteristics method.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 117(1), 32–53.
20.
Lyn, D. A.(1987). “Unsteady sediment transport modeling.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 113(1), 1–15.
21.
Lyn, D. A., and Goodwin, S. M. (1987). Stability of a general Preissmann scheme.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 113(1), 16–28.
22.
Michiue, M., and Suzuki, K. (1982). “A computation method on river bed variations of large scale.”Proc., 3rd Congr. Asian and Pacific Region Div., IAHR, Indonesia.
23.
Miller, J. E. (1984). “Basic concepts of kinematic wave models.”Prof. Paper No. 1302, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
24.
Morse, B., and Townsend, R. D. (1990). “Modelling channel bed transients using explicit F-D schemes.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE 116(11), 1345–1356.
25.
Rahuel, J. L, Holly, F. M. Jr., Chollet, J. P., Belleudy, P. J., and Yang, G.(1989). “Modeling of riverbed evolution for bedload sediment mixtures.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 115(11), 1521–1541.
26.
Saiedi, S.(1993). “Experience in design of a laboratory flume for sediment studies.”Int. J. Sediment Res., Beijing, China, 8(3), 89–101.
27.
Saiedi, S. (1994a). “Numerical and experimental studies of unsteady water and sediment flow in open channels,” PhD thesis, School of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of New South Wales, Australia.
28.
Saiedi, S.(1994b). “A non-dimensional coupled numerical model of alluvial flow.”Int. J. Sediment Res., Beijing, China, 9(2), 59–79.
29.
Saiedi, S.(1995). “On the sensitivity of alluvial flow models to computational time and distance steps.”Int. J. Sediment Res., Beijing, China, 10(2), 56–62.
30.
Shen, H. W., and Julien, P. (1993). “Erosion and sediment transport.”Handbook of Hydrology, D. R. Maidment, ed., McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York. N.Y.
31.
Smart, G. M.(1984). “Sediment transport formula for steep channels.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 110(3), 267–276.
32.
Suszka, L., and Graf, W. H. (1987). “Sediment transport in steep channels at unsteady flow.”Proc., IAHR Congr., Lausanne, Switzerland, 1982–1986.
33.
Thomas, W. A. (1982). “Chapter 18: Mathematical modelling of sediment movement.”Gravel-bed rivers, R. D. Hey, et al., eds., John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York, N.Y.
34.
Thomas, W. A., and McAnally, W. H. (1985). “User's manual for the generalised computer program system, open channel flow and sedimentation, TABS-2.”Rep., Waterways Experiment Station, Corps of Engrs., Vicksburg, Miss.
35.
Thomas, W. A., and Prasuhn, A. L.(1977). “Mathematical modeling of scour and deposition.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 103(8), 851–863.
36.
Tingsanchali, T., and Panvanich, S. (1981). “Morphological computation of river bed degradation due to sand dredging in Chao Phraya River.”Proc., South-East Asian Regional Symp. on Problems of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation, Bangkok, Thailand.
37.
Tsai, C. T., and Yen, C. L. (1982). “Simulation of unsteady flow in movable bed channel.”Proc., 3rd Congr. Asian and Pacific Regional Div., IAHR, Indonesia.
38.
Yang, C. T.(1973). “Incipient motion and sedment transport.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 99(10), 1679–1704.
39.
Yang, C. T.(1984). “Unit stream power equation for gravel.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 110(12), 1783–1797.
40.
Yang, C. T., and Wan, S.(1991). “Comparison of selected bed-material load formulas.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 117(8), 973–989.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 123 • Issue 5 • May 1997
Pages: 440 - 446
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: May 1, 1997
Published in print: May 1997
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.