Effects of Foundation Geometry on Bridge Pier Scour
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 122, Issue 4
Abstract
An experimental investigation of local scour at a nonuniform cylindrical pier is presented. A nonuniform pier is one for which the cross-sectional dimension varies over the length of the pier. In this study the pier comprised a cylinder of diameter D founded on a larger cylinder of diameter D *, called the foundation. Besides the parameters that affect scour at a uniform pier, the scour depth at a nonuniform pier is dependent on the ratio D /D* and the depth from the bed level to the top of the foundation. The results are used to define three scour zones, namely: zone 1 where the foundation is below the bottom of the scour hole and does not affect the scour, zone 2 where the top of the foundation is within the scour hole and reduces the scour, and zone 3 where the top of the foundation is above bed level and increases the scour compared to that at a uniform pier. Various design relationships are presented. The concept of an effective pier size ( D e ) is introduced, and it is shown that use of D e leads to conservative estimates of scour depth for nonuniform piers.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Breusers, H. N. C., and Raudkivi, A. J. (1991). “Scouring.”Hydraulic structures design manual, No. 2, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
2.
Chabert, J., and Engeldinger, P. (1956). “Etude des Affouilements autour des Piles des Ponts.”Rep., Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique, Chatou, France.
3.
Ettema, R. (1980). “Scour at bridge piers.” Dept. of Civ. Engrg. Rep. No. 216, The Univ. of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
4.
Fotherby, L. M., and Jones, J. S. (1993). “The influence of exposed footings on pier scour depths.”Proc., Hydr. Conf., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 922–927.
5.
Imamoto, H., and Ohtoshi, K. (1987). “Local scour around a non-uniform circular cylinder.”Proc., IAHR Congr., 304–309.
6.
Jones, J. S., Kilgore, R. T., and Mistichelli, M. P.(1992). “Effects of footing location on bridge pier scour.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 118(2), 280–290.
7.
Maza Alvarez, J. A. (1969). “Scour in natural channels.” A. J. Miguel-Rodriguez, translator, Rep. No. 114, School of Engrg., The Univ. of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
8.
Melville, B. W. (1988). “Scour at bridge sites.”Civil engineering practice, Vol. 2, P. N. Cheremisinoff and N. P. Cheremisinoff, eds., Technomic Publishing, Lancaster, Pa., 327–362.
9.
Melville, B. W., and Raudkivi, A. J.(1977). “Flow characteristics in local scour at bridge piers.”J. Hydr. Res., 15(4), 373–380.
10.
Melville, B. W., and Sutherland, A. J.(1988). “Design method for local scour at bridge piers.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 114(10), 1210–1226.
11.
Parola, A. C., Mahavadi, S. K., Brown, B. M., and El-Khoury, A.(1996). “Effects of rectangular foundation geometry on local pier scour.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 122(1), 35–40.
12.
Raudkivi, A. J.(1986). “Functional trends of scour at bridge piers.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 112(1), 1–13.
13.
Raudkivi, A. J., and Ettema, R.(1983). “Clear-water scour at cylindrical piers.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 109(3), 339–350.
14.
Richardson, E. V., Harrison, L. J., Richardson, J. R., and Davis, S. R. (1993). “Evaluating scour at bridges.”Publ. No. FHWA-IP-90-017, Federal Hwy. Admin., Ofc. of Res. and Devel., Turner-Fairbank Res. Ctr., McLean, Va.
15.
Tsujimoto, T., Murakami, S., Fukushima, T., and Shibata, R.(1987). “Local scour around bridge piers and its' protection works.”Mem. Fac. Technol. Kanazawa Univ., Kanazawa, Japan, 20(1), 11–21.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 122 • Issue 4 • April 1996
Pages: 203 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Apr 1, 1996
Published in print: Apr 1996
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.