Shear Waves and Unsteady Selective Withdrawal
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 114, Issue 9
Abstract
An experimental study examining the generation of internal waves by unsteady inertial outflows from a stratified reservoir is presented. The experiments show that shear waves generated when the outflow is begun are identical to those generated when the outflow is stopped. The amplitudes of the lowest mode shear waves can be calculated by assuming that they combine to form the steady withdrawal‐layer velocity profile at the wall. As R, the parameter governing steady withdrawal behavior, is increased, the observed shear‐wave amplitudes decrease relative to their theoretical values, with, the discrepancy increasing with increasing mode number. When the outflow is repeatedly pulsed, the strength of the average flow towards the sink indicates the existance of a withdrawal layer thicker than that which would have been formed given either the average flow rate or the maximum instantaneous flow rate. This observation suggests that one effect of unsteady withdrawals may be to create thicker withdrawal layers than are found for similar steady withdrawals.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Billi, G. (1984). “Unsteady selective withdrawal from a line sink.” Thesis presented to the University of Western Australia, at Nedlands, Australia, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering.
2.
Gill, A. E., and Clarke, A. J. (1974). “Wind‐induced upwelling, coastal curents and sea‐level changes.” Deep‐Sea Res., 21, 325–345.
3.
Hocking, G. C. (1984). “Critical withdrawal from a two‐layered fluid.” Thesis presented to the University of Adelaide, at Adelaide, Australia, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
4.
Imberger, J. (1980). “Selective withdrawal: A review.” Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. on Stratified Flows, Trondheim, Norway, 1, 381–400.
5.
Imberger, J., Thompson, R. O. R. Y., and Fandry, C. (1976). “Selective withdrawal from a finite rectangular tank.” J. Fluid Mech., 70, 489–512.
6.
Ivey, G. N., and Blake, S. (1985). “Axisymmetric withdrawal and inflow in a density‐stratified container.” J. Fluid Mech., 161, 115–137.
7.
Kao, T. W., and Pao, H. P. (1980). “Wake collapse in the thermocline and internal solitary waves.” J. Fluid Mech., 97, 115–127.
8.
McEwan, A. D., and Baines, P. G. (1974). “Shear fronts and an experimental stratified shear flow.” J. Fluid Mech., 65, 657–688.
9.
Meakin, R. L., Street, R. L., and Findikakis, A. N. (1986). “A numerical simulation using boundary‐conforming coordinate systems.” Advancements in Aerodynamics, Fluid Mech., and Hydr., ASCE/ASME, Minneapolis, Minn., 593–600.
10.
Monismith, S. G. (1985). “Wind‐induced motions in stratified lakes and their effect on mixed‐layer shear.” Limnol. Oceanogr., 30, 771–783.
11.
Monismith, S. G. (1987). “The modal response of reservoirs to wind stress.” J. Hyd. Div., ASCE, 113(HY10), 1290–1396.
12.
Pao, H. P., and Kao, T. W. (1974). “Dynamics of establishment of selective withdrawal of a stratified fluid from a line sink. Part 1: Theory.” J. Fluid Mech., 65, 657–688.
13.
Silvester, R. (1978). “An experimental study of end wall effects on selective withdrawal from a reservoir.” Thesis presented to the University of Western Australia, at Nedlands, Australia, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
14.
Silvester, R. (1980). “Generation of asymmetric shear fronts from a rectangular tank of linearly stratified liquid.” Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. on Stratified Flows, Trondheim, Norway, 1, 436–446.
15.
Spigel, R. H., and Farrant, B. (1984). “Selective withdrawal through a point sink and pycnocline formation in a linearly stratified flow.” J. Hydr. Res., 22, 35–51.
16.
Spigel, R. H., and Ogilvie, D. J. (1985). “Importance of selective withdrawal in reservoirs with short residence times: A case study.” Proc. 21st IAHR Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 2, 275–279.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 ASCE.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1988
Published in print: Sep 1988
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.