TECHNICAL NOTES
May 1, 1985

Simplified Design of Contractions in Supercritical Flow

Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 111, Issue 5

Abstract

It is shown that minimization of standing waves in supercritical flow in a contraction is equivalent to simultaneous satisfaction of the momentum equation parallel to and perpendicular to the wave front, the continuity equation across the wave front, and continuity through the contraction. Solution of these four governing equations is presented in a graphical form which eliminates the necessity of trial and error in the design procedure. Finally, choking criteria are defined to assist the designer in maintaining supercritical flow through the transition.

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References

1.
Chow, V. T., Open Channel Hydraulics, 1st Ed., McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1959, pp. 469–470.
2.
Henderson, F. M., Open Channel Flow, 1st Ed., Macmillan Co., New York, N.Y., 1966, pp. 239–250.
3.
“Hydraulic Design of Energy Dissipators for Culverts and Channels,” Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 14, U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sept., 1983, pp. IV‐B‐1 to IV‐B‐7.
4.
“Hydraulic Design of Flood Control Channels,” Engineer Design Manual EM 1110‐2‐1601, U.S. Dept. of the Army, Corps of Engineers, July, 1970, pp. III‐23 to III‐25.
5.
Ippen, A. T., “Mechanics of Supercritical Flow,” High Velocity Flow in Open Channels: A Symposium, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 116, 1951, pp. 268–295.
6.
Ippen, A. T., “Transitions for Supercritical Flow,” Engineering Hydraulics, Hunter Rouse, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1950, pp. 547–559.
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Ippen, A. T., and Dawson, J. H., “Design of Channel Contractions,” High Velocity Flow in Open Channels: A Symposium, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 116, 1951, pp. 326–346.
8.
Ippen, A. T., and Harleman, D. R. F., “Verification of Theory for Oblique Standing Waves,” Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 121, 1956, pp. 678–694.

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Go to Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 111Issue 5May 1985
Pages: 871 - 875

History

Published online: May 1, 1985
Published in print: May 1985

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Authors

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Terry W. Sturm, M. ASCE
Assoc. Prof., School of Civ. Engrg., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, Ga. 30332

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