Pulse Transmission System for Measuring Wave Propagation in Soils
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 122, Issue 4
Abstract
A soil testing system for measuring wave propagation through soils using a pulse transmission method has been developed. By mounting very sensitive P and S -transducers in the cap and pedestal of a triaxial testing device, the system can even detect strongly attenuated waves that propagate through dry sand. In addition, the wave forms during consolidation and undrained compression tests can be used to investigate the process of soil structure change during deformation. The measured wave velocities are compared with results obtained using the resonant column method and in-situ wave velocity determinations. The pulse transmission method gives a higher S -wave velocity than the resonant column method, especially for clay samples. This difference may result from disturbance of the peripheral part of resonant column specimens. The pulse transmission method gives good agreement with the in-situ velocity measured by the suspension type S -wave logging, whereas the resonant column method gives lower velocity than the in-situ measurement by up to 50% in clays.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Afifi, S. S., and Richart, F. E. Jr.(1973). “Stress history effects on shear modulus of soils.”Soils and Found., 13(1), 77–95.
2.
Anderson, D. G., and Stokoe, K. H. (1978). “Shear modulus: a time-dependent soil properties.”Dynamic Geotech. Testing, STP 654, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa., 66–90.
3.
Anderson, D. G., and Woods, R. D.(1976). “Time-dependent increase in shear modulus of clay.”J. Geotech. Div., ASCE, 102(5), 525–537.
4.
Biot, M. A.(1956a). “Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid, I. low frequency range.”J. Acoustic Soc. of Am., 28, 168–178.
5.
Biot, M. A.(1956b). “Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid, II. high frequency range.”J. Acoustic Soc. of Am., 28, 179–191.
6.
DeAlba, P., Baldwin, K., Janoo, V., Roe, G., and Celikkol, B.(1984). “Elastic wave velocities and liquefaction potential.”ASTM Geotech. Testing J., 7(2), 77–87.
7.
Dutta, N. C., and Seriff, A. J.(1979). “On White's model of attenuation in rocks with partial gas saturation.”Geophysics, 44, 1806–1812.
8.
Dyvik, R., and Madshus, C. (1985). “Lab measurement of Gmax using bender elements.”Proc., ASCE Conf. on Adv. Art of Testing Soils under Cyclic Conditions, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 186–196.
9.
Hryciw, R. D., and Thomann, T. G. (1993). “Stress-history-based model for G e of cohesionless soils.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 119(7), 1073–1093.
10.
Ishihara, K. (1982). “Evaluation of soil properties for use in earthquake response analysis.”Proc., Int. Symp. on Numerical Models in Geomech., Zurich, 237–259.
11.
Kitsunezaki, C.(1980). “A new method for shear wave logging.”Geophysics, 45, 1489–1506.
12.
Kitsunezaki, C. (1986). “Elastic wave velocities in unsaturated sand layers.”Butsuri-Tankou, 32(1–31) (in Japanese).
13.
Nakagawa, K.(1980). “Multi-mode resonant column technique to determine elastic moduli of soils.”J. Geosci., Osaka, Japan, 23(5), 155–166.
14.
Nakagawa, K., Nakaya, S., and Miki, S. (1982). “Coincident conditions of shear wave velocities from laboratory test and in situ.”Proc., 6th Japan Earthquake Engrg. Symp., 569–576.
15.
Nakagawa, K., Soga, K., and Mitchell, J. K. (1996). “Observation of Biot compressional wave of the second kind in granular soils.”Géotechnique, London, U.K. (in press).
16.
Richart, F. E.(1977). “Dynamic stress-strain relationship for soils, state of the art paper.”Proc., 9th ICSMFE, Tokyo, Japan, 3, 605–612.
17.
Seed, H. B., and Idriss, I. M.(1970). “Seismic response of soil deposits.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 96(2), 631–638.
18.
Sousa, J. B., and Chan, C. K. (1991). “Computer applications in the UCB geotechnical laboratories.”Geotech. Engrg. Congr., ASCE, New York, N.Y., Vol. 1, 531–543.
19.
Stoll, R. D. (1989). “Sediment acoustics.”Lecture notes in earth sciences, Springer-Verlag, New York, N.Y.
20.
Tatsuoka, F., and Shibuya, S.(1992). “Deformation characteristics of soils and rocks from field and laboratory test.”Rep., Inst. of Industrial Sci., Univ. of Tokyo, Japan, 37(1), 1–136.
21.
White, J. E.(1975). “Computed seismic speeds and attenuation in rocks with partial gas saturation. ”Geophysics, 40, 224–232.
22.
Woods, R. D. (1991). “Field and laboratory determination of soil properties at low and high strains, state of the art paper.”Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Recent Adv. in Geotech. Earthquake Engrg. and Soil Dyn., St. Louis, 1727–1741.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Apr 1, 1996
Published in print: Apr 1996
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.