Stochastic Spatial Excitation Induced by a Distributed Contact on Homogenous Gaussian Random Fields
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 132, Issue 7
Abstract
The contact between vehicle tire and pavement surface random field is typically modeled as a point contact in the literature of vehicle-pavement interaction. In reality, tire-pavement interface can be considerably larger than a point contact, particularly when a tire is not very stiff and pavements are relatively soft. This paper developed a methodological framework that approximately aggregates one- and two-dimensional random fields within the contact area by taking local, weighted spatial average to account for the distributed contact. Statistical properties such as power spectral density, autocorrelation function and variance of the induced spatial excitation are related to the counterparts of the original random field. It was found that the distributed contact acts like a low-pass filter whose bandwidth is governed by the contact interface and the weight function.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research is supported in part by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. NSFCMS-0408390. The writers are very grateful to anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions and helpful comments, which enable the writers to improve the content and presentation of the paper.
References
ASTM. (1997). “Standard test method for measuring the longitudinal profile of traveled surfaces with an accelerometer established inertial profiling reference.” Annual books of ASTM standards, Vol. 04.03, ASTM, Philadelphia, 703–707.
Barrodal, I., and Erickson, R. E. (1980). “Algorithms for least-square linear prediction and maximum entropy spectral analysis.” Geophysics, 45, 420–446.
Bendat, J. S., and Piersol, A. G. (1971). Random data: Analysis and measurement procedure, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
Dodds, C. J., and Robson, J. D. (1973). “The description of road surface roughness.” J. Sound Vib., 31, 175–183.
Gillespie, T. D. (1986). Developments in road roughness measurement and calibration procedures, Univ. of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Hall, A. W., Hunter, P. A., and Morris, G. J. (1971). “Status of research on runway roughness.” SP-270, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., 127–142.
Hardy, M. S. A., and Cebon, D. (1994). “Importance of speed and frequency in flexible pavement response.” J. Eng. Mech., 120(3), 463–482.
Harrison, R. F., and Hammond, K. J. (1985). “Systems approach to the characterization of rough ground.” J. Sound Vib., 99(3), 437–447.
Heath, A. N. (1987). “Application of the isotropic road roughness assumption.” J. Sound Vib., 115(1), 131–144.
Honda, H., Kajikawa, Y., and Kobori, T. (1982). “Spectra of surface roughness on bridge.” J. Struct. Div. ASCE, 108(9), 1956–1966.
Hsueh, T. M., and Panzien, J. (1974). “Dynamic response of airplanes in ground operation.” Transp. Eng. J. ASCE, 100(3), 743–756.
Hwang, E. S., and Nowak, A. S. (1991). “Simulation of dynamic load for bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 117(5), 1413–1434.
ISO. (1984). “Road surface profile—Reporting measured data.” Draft Proposal ISO/DP 8608, Mechanical Vibration, ISO, Geneva.
Iyengar, R. N., and Jaiswal, O. R. (1995). “Random field modeling of railway track irregularities.” J. Transp. Eng., 121(4), 303–308.
Kamesh, K. M., and Robson, J. D. (1978). “The application of the isotropic road roughness assumption.” J. Sound Vib., 57, 80–100.
Kenis, W. J., Kulakowski, B. T., and Streit, D. A. (1992). “Heavy vehicle pavement loading—A comprehensive testing program.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Heavy Vehicle Weights and Dimensions, D. Cebon and C. G. M. Mitchell, eds., Thomas Telford, Cambridge, U.K.
Lighthill, M. J. (1958). Introduction to Fourier analysis and generalized functions, Cambridge University Press, London.
Marcondes, J., Burgess, G. J., Harichandran, R., and Snyder, M. B. (1991). “Spectral analysis of highway pavement roughness.” J. Transp. Eng., 117(5), 540–549.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP. (2002). “Contributions of pavement structural layers to rutting of hot-mix asphalt pavements.” Rep. No. 468.
Newland, D. E. (1984). An introduction to random vibration and spectral analysis, 2nd Ed., Longman, New York, 104–129.
Parzen, E. (1972). “Some recent advances in time series analysis.” Statistical models and turbulence, Springer, Berlin.
Rice, S. O. (1944). “Mathematical analysis of random noise.” Bell Syst. Tech. J., 23, 282–332.
Rice, S. O. (1945). “Mathematical analysis of random noise.” Bell Syst. Tech. J., 24, 46–156.
Sayers, M., and Gillespie, T. D. (1983). “Dynamic pavement/wheel loading for trucks with tandem suspensions.” Proc., 8th IAVSD Symp. on the Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Railway Tracks, Swets and Zeitlinger, Cambridge, Mass.
Schiehlen, W. O. (1986). “Random vehicle vibrations.” Random vibration 3/4 status and recent developments, I. Elishakoff and R. H. Lyon, eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Shinozuka, M. (1972). “Digital simulation of random processes and its application.” J. Sound Vib., 25, 111–128.
Siddharthan, R. V., Krishnamenon, N., El-Mously, M., and Sebaaly, P. E. (2002a). “Investigation of tire contact stress distributions on pavement response.” J. Transp. Eng., 128(2), 136–144.
Siddharthan, R. V., Krishnamenon, N., El-Mously, M., and Sebaaly, P. E. (2002b). “Validation of a pavement response model using full-scale field tests.” Int. J. Pavement Eng., 3(2), 85–93.
Snyder, J. E., and Wormley, D. N. (1977). “Dynamic interactions between vehicles and elevated, flexible randomly irregular guideways.” Trans. ASME, J. Dyn. Syst. Meas., 99, 23–33.
Sun, L. (2001a). “A closed-form solution of Bernoulli–Euler beam on viscoelastic foundation under harmonic line loads.” J. Sound Vib., 242(4), 619–627.
Sun, L. (2001b). “Closed-form representation of beam response to moving line loads.” J. Appl. Mech., 68(2), 348–350.
Sun, L. (2001c). “Computer simulation and field measurement of dynamic pavement loading.” Math. Comput. Simul., 56(3), 297–313.
Sun, L. (2001d). “Developing spectrum-based models for international roughness index and present serviceability index.” J. Transp. Eng., 127(6), 463–470.
Sun, L. (2001e). “Dynamic response of beam-type structures to moving line loads.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 38(48–49), 8869–8878.
Sun, L. (2001f). “On human perception and evaluation to road surfaces.” J. Sound Vib., 247(3), 547–560.
Sun, L. (2001g). “Time-harmonic elastodynamic Green’s function of plates for line loads.” J. Sound Vib., 246(2), 337–348.
Sun, L. (2002a). “Optimum design of “road-friendly” vehicle suspension systems subject to rough road surface.” Appl. Math. Model., 26(5), 635–652.
Sun, L. (2002b). “Simulating pavement surface roughness and IRI based on power spectral density.” Math. Comput. Simul., 61(2), 77–89.
Sun, L. (2003). “An explicit representation of steady state response of a beam resting on an elastic foundation to moving harmonic line loads.” Int. J. Numer. Analyt. Meth. Geomech., 27, 69–84.
Sun, L., and Deng, X. (1997a). “Random response of beam under a moving random load in the line source form.” Acta Mech. Sin., 29(3), 365–368.
Sun, L., and Deng, X. (1997b). “Transient response for infinite plate on Winkler foundation by a moving distributed load.” Chin. J. Appl. Mech., 14(2), 72–78.
Sun, L., and Deng, X. (1998a). “Dynamic analysis of infinite beam under the excitation of moving line loads.” Appl. Math. Mech., 19(4), 367–373.
Sun, L., and Deng, X. (1998b). “Predicting vertical dynamic loads caused by vehicle-pavement interaction.” J. Transp. Eng., 124(5), 470–478.
Sun, L., and Greenberg, B. S. (2000). “Dynamic response of linear systems to moving stochastic sources.” J. Sound Vib., 229(4), 957–972.
Sun, L., and Kennedy, T. W. (2002). “Spectral analysis and parametric study of stochastic pavement loads.” J. Eng. Mech., 128(3), 318–327.
Sun, L., and Su, J. (2001). “Modeling random fields of road surface irregularities.” Int. J. Road Materials Pavement Design, 2(1), 49–70.
Sun, L., Zhang, Z., and Ruth, J. (2001). “Modeling indirect statistics of surface roughness.” J. Transp. Eng., 127(2), 105–111.
Sussman, N. E. (1974). “Statistical ground excitation model for high speed vehicle dynamic analysis.” High Speed Ground Transportation J., 8, 145–154.
Sweatman, P. F. (1983). “A study of dynamic wheel forces in axle group suspensions of heavy vehicles.” Special Rep. No. 27, Australia Road Research Board, Australia.
Tielking, J. T., and Roberts, F. L. (1987). “Tire contact pressure and its effect on pavement strain.” J. Transp. Eng., 113(1), 56–71.
Watson, G. N. A. (1966). Treatise on the theory of Bessel functions, 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Woodrooffe, J., and Leblanc, P. A. (1986). “The influence of suspension variations on dynamic wheel loads of heavy vehicles.” SAE Technical Paper No. 861973, Society Automotive Engineers.
Zhu, W. Q. (1992). Random vibration, Academic, Beijing, China.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 132 • Issue 7 • July 2006
Pages: 714 - 722
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Feb 2, 2004
Accepted: Sep 19, 2005
Published online: Jul 1, 2006
Published in print: Jul 2006
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Arvid Naess
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.