Instability and Complete Failure of Steel Columns Subjected to Cyclic Loading
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 131, Issue 6
Abstract
In a testing system design for large deformations, structural columns were loaded to complete failure, defined as either complete separation of the column or inability to sustain the prescribed axial load. The test system consists of very large stroke quasistatic jacks, digital displacement transducers that can ensure accurate measurement of large deformations, hydraulic pump units capable of controlling the oil flow, controllers that control the jack motion, and separate personal computers for operating the jack controllers and for supervising and measuring data. These components are connected on-line for data and signal operations, which enables automatic and accurate load control for tests that lead specimens to complete failure. Six columns having a square tube cross section are tested in cyclic loading condition, with the axial load and column length as major parameters. The load–deformation relationships obtained from the tests are presented in detail, and relationships among the deformation capacity, failure mode, slenderness, and axial load are discussed. Intermediate axial load (30% of the yield axial load) is effective in retarding the occurrence and growth of cracks, resulting in larger deformation capacity to complete failure. Finite element analysis accurately duplicates the experimental behavior up to a large inelastic range including material yielding, strain hardening, and local buckling. It fails to simulate the experimental behavior in a very large deformation range where the column surfaces crashed and contacted each other. More experimental data is strongly needed for the behavior of structural systems and elements at and near complete failure.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This study was conducted as part of a research project supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Basic Research Category S: No. UNSPECIFIED14102028) and administered by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The Twenty-First Century Center of Excellence (COE) Program awarded to the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University (Grant No. UNSPECIFIED14219301), supported the employment of the second writer. The writers are grateful for the support.
References
Bertero, R. D., and Bertero, V. V. (2003). “Performance-based seismic engineering: The need for a reliable conceptual comprehensive approach.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31(3), 627–652.
Bertero, V. V. (1997). “Performance-based seismic engineering: A critical review of proposed guidelines.” Seismic design methodologies for the next generation of codes, P. Fajfar and H. Krawinkler, eds., A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 1–31.
MSC.MARC on-line manual. (2001). MSC Co., Tokyo, Japan.
Nakashima, M., Akazawa, T., and Igarashi, H. (1995). “Pseudo dynamic testing using conventional testing devices.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 24(10), 1409–1422.
SEAOC Vision 2000 Committee. (1995). “Performance-based seismic engineering of buildings.” Rep. Prepared by Structural Engineers Association of California, Sacramento, Calif.
Shing, P. B., Nakashima, M., and Bursi, O. S. (1996). “Application of pseudodynamic test method to structural research.” Earthquake Spectra, 12(1), 29–56.
Structural Provisions for Building Structures, 2000 Ed. (2000). The Building Center of Japan, Tokyo (in Japanese).
Takanashi, K., and Nakashima, M., (1987). “Japanese activities on on-line testing.” J. Eng. Mech., 113(7), 1014–1032.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 3, 2003
Accepted: May 21, 2004
Published online: Jun 1, 2005
Published in print: Jun 2005
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Dinar Camotim
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.