Problematics in Formulation of Wind‐Force Models for Bridge Decks
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 119, Issue 7
Abstract
The present paper concentrates on two‐dimensional static and dynamic fluid‐structure force effects. Forces acting on elongated bluff bodies like long‐span bridge decks have been described by theories and analytical formats strongly influenced by analogous expressions found in two‐dimensional airfoil theory. These theories are first reviewed. The resulting formats are seen to contain some formalisms that may overly constrain the force descriptions when applied to bluff bodies. The particular circumstances where this is evident are pointed out. An important point of the present paper is to emphasize the need to employ a format that can be applied directly to design studies of real bridges and that can be reinforced by experiment. The nature of experiments needed to support design calculations for bridge decks is briefly discussed. In sum, the paper offers an integrated version of aeroelastic theory applicable to long, flexible, bluff bodies such as suspended‐span bridges. Emphasis is placed upon origins and legacies of aeronautical theory and upon identification of the key parameters that must be measured experimentally in the present context.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bleich, F. (1948). “Dynamic instability of truss‐stiffened suspension bridges under wind action.” Proc., ASCE, 74(8), 1269–1314.
2.
Bleich, F. (1949a). “Dynamic instability of truss‐stiffened suspension bridges under wind action.” Proc., ASCE, 75(3), 413–416.
3.
Bleich, F. (1949b). “Dynamic instability of truss‐stiffened suspension bridges under wind action.” Proc., ASCE, 75(6), 855–865.
4.
Bucher, C. G., and Lin, Y. K. (1988a). “Effect of spanwise correlation of turbulence field on the motion stability of long‐span bridges.” J. Fluids and Structures, 2, 437–451.
5.
Bucher, C. G., and Lin, Y. K. (1988b). “Stochastic stability of bridges considering coupled modes. I.” J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 114(12), 2055–2071.
6.
Bucher, C. G., and Lin, Y. K. (1989). “Stochastic stability of bridges considering coupled models. II.” J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 115(2), 384–400.
7.
Bucher, C. G., and Wall, F. J. (1991). “Stochastic response of bridges in turbulent wind.” Progress in Wind Engineering, Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Wind Engrg., London, Ontario, Elsevier, New York, N.Y., 1347–1358.
8.
Davenport, A. G., King, J. P. C., and Larose, G. L. (1992). “Taut strip model tests.” Aerodynamics of large bridges, A. Larsen, ed., Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 113–124.
9.
Frazer, R. A., and Duncan, W. J. (1928). “The flutter of airplane wings.” Reports and Memoranda, 1155, Aeronautics Research Committee, Aug., Farnborough, United Kingdom.
10.
Fung, Y. C. (1955). An introduction to the theory of aeroelasticity. John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y.
11.
Garrick, I. E. (1938). “On some reciprocal relations in the theory of nonstationary flows.” NACA Tech. Report 629, U.S. Nat. Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Langley, Va.
12.
Huston, D. R. (1986). “The effects of upstream gusting on the aeroelastic behavior of long, suspended‐span bridges,” PhD thesis, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.
13.
Jancauskas, E. D. (1983). “The cross‐wind excitation of bluff structures and the incident turbulence mechanism,” PhD thesis, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
14.
Jones, R. T. (1940). “The unsteady lift on a wing of finite aspect ratio.” NACA Report 681, U.S. Nat. Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Langley, Va.
15.
Kaimal, J. C., Wyngaard, J. C., Izumi, Y., and Cote, O. R. (1972). “Spectral characteristics of surface‐layer turbulence.” Quarterly J. Royal Meteorological Society, 98, 563–589.
16.
Kumarasena, T. (1989). “Wind response prediction of long‐span bridges,” PhD thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
17.
Küssner, H. G. (1936). “Zusammenfassender Bericht über den instationären Auftrieb von Flügeln.” Luftfahrt‐Forschung, 13, 410–424.
18.
Lin, Y. K. (1979). “Motion of suspension bridge in turbulent winds.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 105(6), 921–932.
19.
Lin, Y. K., and Ariaratnam, S. T. (1980). “Stability of bridge motion in turbulent winds.” J. Struct. Mech., 8(1), 1–15.
20.
Lin, Y. K., and Li, Q. C. (1993). “A new stochastic theory for bridge stability in turbulent flow.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 119(1), 113–127.
21.
Lin, Y. K., and Yang, J. N. (1983). “Multimode bridge response to wind excitations.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 109(2), 586–603.
22.
Sabzevari, A., and Scanlan, R. H. (1968). “Aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 94(2), 489–519.
23.
Sarkar, P. P. (1992). “New identification methods applied to the response of flexible bridges to wind,” PhD thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
24.
Sarkar, P. P., Jones, N. P., and Scanlan, R. H. (1991). “System identification for estimation of flutter derivatives.” Progress in Wind Engrg., Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Wind Engrg., London, Ontario, Elsevier, New York, N.Y., 1243–1254.
25.
Scanlan, R. H. (1984). “Role of indicial functions in buffeting analysis of bridges.” J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 110(7), 1433–1446.
26.
Scanlan, R. H., Béliveau, J.‐G., and Budlong, K. S. (1974). “Indicial aerodynamic functions for bridge decks.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 100(4), 657–672.
27.
Scanlan, R. H., and Budlong, K. S. (1972). “Flutter and aerodynamic response considerations for bluff objects in a smooth flow.” Flow‐induced structural vibrations, Proc. Symp. IVTAM‐IAHR, Karlsruhe, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 339–354.
28.
Scanlan, R. H., and Jones, N. P. (1990). “Aeroelastic analysis of cable‐stayed bridges.” J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 116(2), 279–297.
29.
Scanlan, R. H., and Lin, W.‐H. (1978). “Effects of turbulence on bridge flutter derivatives.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 104(4), 719–733.
30.
Scanlan, R. H., and Tomko, J. J. (1971). “Airfoil and bridge deck flutter derivatives.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 97(6), 1717–1737.
31.
Sears, W. R. (1941). “Some aspects of non‐stationary airfoil theory and its practical application.” J. Aeronautics Sci., 8(3), 104–108.
32.
Simiu, E., and Scanlan, R. H. (1986). Wind effects on structures. Wiley‐Interscience, New York, N.Y.
33.
Szechenyi, E. (1973). “Etude du comportement aéroélastique du pont de Saint‐Nazaire à Saint‐Brévin.” NT 2/3044 RY, ONERA, Châtillon, France.
34.
Theodorsen, T. (1935). “General theory of aerodynamic instability and the mechanism of flutter.” NACA Report 496, U.S. Nat. Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Langley, Va.
35.
Ukeguchi, M., Sakata, H., and Nishitani, H. (1966). “An investigation of aeroelastic 1373 instability of suspension bridges,” Proc. Symp. on Suspension Bridges, Research Laboratory for Civil Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal.
36.
Wagner, H. (1925). “Über die Entstehung des dynamischen Auftriebes von Tragflügeln.” Zeit. Angew. Math. u. Mech., 5(1), 17–35 (in German).
37.
Wall, F. J. (1990). “Buffeting response of bridges.” Struct. Safety and Reliability, Proc. ICOSSAR '89, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, Aug., 107–110.
38.
Wall, F. J. (1991). “Böenerregte Schwingungen von Weitgespannten Brücken,” thesis, Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Mechanik, Innsbruck, Austria.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 119 • Issue 7 • July 1993
Pages: 1353 - 1375
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 7, 1992
Published online: Jul 1, 1993
Published in print: Jul 1993
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.