Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the Combustion of Liquid Crystal Display Components
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 9
Abstract
This study investigated the kinetics and emission factor for 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the combustion of liquid crystal display components. In addition, chemical characteristics and structure of the liquid crystal sample were also investigated. The evaporation and gas diffusion of liquid crystals occur in the early stage of the combustion process (at ). Continuously, the liquid crystal molecules may be oxidized to form , CO, , , and PAHs. The activation energy , preexponential constant and reaction order (3.1) of the combustion of liquid crystal display components were also determined. On the other hand, the analytic results indicated that the emission factor for 16 USEPA priority PAHs in particulate and gas phase is not determined (n.d.)-25.19 and n.d.- , respectively. The emission factor is approximately 390 and 1,520 times higher, respectively, than that of waste terephthalic acid and biological sludge combustion. Results of this work suggest that the combustion of liquid crystal display components should emphasize the air pollution control.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgment
The writers would like to thank the National Science Council of the Republic of China for financially supporting this research under Contract No. UNSPECIFIEDNSC 93-2211-E-242-007.
References
Becker, W., Hettich, B. S., and Hönicke, P. (2003). “Toxicological and ecotoxicological investigations of liquid crystals and disposal of LCDs.” Merck website, ⟨http://pb.merck.de/servlet/PB/show/1128660/ToxBrosch%Fcre%A9%28040203%29.pdf⟩ (Nov. 28, 2005).
Chen, S. J., Hsieh, L. T., and Chiu, S. C. (2003). “Emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from animal carcass incinerations.” Sci. Total Environ., 313(1–3), 61–76.
Chien, Y. C., Shih, P. H., and Hsien, I. H. (2005). “Pyrolysis kinetics of liquid crystal wastes.” Environ. Eng. Sci., 22(5), 601–607.
Durlak, S. K., Biswas, P., Shi, J., and Bernhard, M. J. (1998). “Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon particulate and gaseous emissions from polystyrene combustion.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(15), 2301–2307.
Friedman, H. L. (1965). “Kinetics of thermal degradation of char-forming plastics from thermogravimetry, application to a phenolic plastic.” J. Polym. Sci., Part C: Polym. Symp., 6, 183–195.
Huang, I. J. (2004). “Introduction for the recycling of waste glasses in TFT-LCD industry.” Industrial Sustainable Development Bi-monthly Magazine, 16, 50–55.
Jenkins, B. M., Jones, A. D., Turn, S. Q., and Williams, R. B. (1996). “Emission factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biomass burning.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(9), 2462–2469.
Kakareka, S. V., and Kukharchyk, T. I. (2003). “PAH emission from the open burning of agricultural debris.” Sci. Total Environ., 308(1–3), 257–261.
Li, C. T., Lee, W. J., Mi, H. H., and Su, C. C. (1995). “PAH emission from the incineration of waste oily sludge and PE plastic mixtures.” Sci. Total Environ., 170(3), 171–183.
Loew, S. (2000). “Pilot checklists and explanatory memorandum for evaluation of the environmental soundness of an importing facility management of the waste stream: Used personal computers.” Proc., 2nd OECD Workshop on Environmentally Sound Management of Wastes Destined for Recovery Operations Austria, Sec. 3, Vienna, Austria, 1–18.
Nielsen, P. A., and Jensen, L. (1991). “Emission of PAH and mutagenic activity from furnaces fueled with cereal straw or wood chips.” Chemosphere, 23, 723–735.
Nisbet, C., and LaGoy, P. (1992). “Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).” Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 16(3), 290–300.
Oanh, N. T. K., Reutergard, L. B., and Dung, N. T. (1999). “Emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particulate matter from domestic combustion of selected fuels.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 33(16), 2703–2709.
Petrović, Z., and Zavargo, Z. (1986). “Reliability of methods for determination of kinetic parameters from thermogravimetry and DSC measurements.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 32, 4353–4367.
USEPA. (1997). “Code of federal regulation.” Title 40, Part 60, subparts D, Da, Db, Dc, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 44.
Wang, L. C., Lee, W. J., Tsai, P. J., and Chen, S. J. (2002). “Potential method for reducing emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the incineration of biological sludge for the terephthalic acid manufacturing industry.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 36(16), 3420–3425.
Wheatley, L., Levendls, Y. A., and Vouros, P. (1993). “Exploratory study on the combustion and PAH emissions of selected municipal waste plastics.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 27(13), 2885–2895.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 9 • September 2006
Pages: 1028 - 1033
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Apr 22, 2005
Accepted: Mar 13, 2006
Published online: Sep 1, 2006
Published in print: Sep 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.