Screening Level Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Cleveland Area Commons
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 3
Abstract
Commons are public lands that are often used for recreational activities and are generally assumed to be free of soil contamination. However, in old industrial cities, urban commons may have accumulated heavy metal burdens from airborne contamination. This paper examines the heavy metal burdens and risk analysis results for 50 commons in the greater Cleveland, Ohio area. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 3050B and 1N HCl soil extraction results are presented for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn mass burdens, and are interpreted relative to Ohio residential soil guidance and “typical” values from the remediation guidance of 30 states. Results demonstrate that most of these soils have heavy metal burdens that are well above naturally occurring levels, and several (at least 8 of the 50 sites tested) have heavy metal burdens that exceed Ohio’s residential soil contamination guidance. Lead and cadmium were found to be the most significant contributors to site hazard index values.
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Acknowledgments
This research was conducted with the support of National Science Foundation Grant No. CMS 99-01108, the NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program, and from the Cleveland State University Program of Excellence in Risk Analysis. The writers also wish to acknowledge the efforts of Ms. A. N. Cox and Ms. S. J. Hise for helping to collect and analyze commons soils in 2001. All conclusions and opinions expressed are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the position of any of the funding agencies.
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 3 • March 2006
Pages: 392 - 404
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Aug 5, 2003
Accepted: Jul 14, 2005
Published online: Mar 1, 2006
Published in print: Mar 2006
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