Long-Term Verification of Cover Systems Using Perfluorocarbon Tracers
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 131, Issue 6
Abstract
The expanded use of caps and cover systems is an important aspect of the U.S. Department of Energy Environmental Management’s strategy for restoration and long-term stewardship of sites throughout the complex. However, very little is available in terms of long-term monitoring of covers other than downstream groundwater or surface water monitoring. A novel methodology for verifying and monitoring subsurface barriers and cover systems has been developed. Gaseous perfluorocarbon tracers (PFTs) are injected on one side of the barrier and searched for on the opposite side of the barrier. The capability for leak detection in subsurface barriers using PFTs has been proven at multiple demonstrations. Adaptation of this concept to covers is a necessary step prior to full-scale demonstration. This paper discusses the PFT technology and a successful proof-of-principle test of the PFT technology as a leak detection tool for cover verification and monitoring.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Dietz, R. N., and Dabberdt, W. F. (1983). “Gaseous tracer technology and applications.” BNL-33585, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.
Dietz, R. N., Goodrich, R. W., Cote, E. A., and Wieser, R. F. (1986). “Detailed description and performance of a passive perfluorocarbon tracer system for building ventilation and air exchange measurements.” Measured Air Leakage of Buildings, ASTM STP 94, H. R. Trechsel, and P. L. Lagus, eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 203–264.
D’Ottavio, T. W., and Dietz, R. M. (1987). “Radon source rate measurements using perfluorocarbon tracers.” Proc., Indoor Air ’87, 4th Int. Conf. on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, B. Siefert, H. Esdorn, M. Fischer, H. Ruden, and J. Wegner, eds., Berlin.
Heiser, J., and Dwyer, B. P. (1997). “Summary report on close-coupled subsurface barrier technology—Initial field trials to full-scale demonstration.” Formal Rep. No. BNL-52531, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.
Heiser, J. H., and Sullivan, T. M. (2001). “Using perfluorocarbon tracers for verification of cap and cover systems performance.” Rep. No. BNL-52647, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.
Heiser, J., and Sullivan, T. M. (2002). “The Brookhaven National Laboratory perfluorocarbon tracer technology: A proven and cost-effective method to verify integrity and monitor long-term performance of walls, floors, caps, and cover systems.” Formal Rep. No. BNL-52657, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.
Heiser, J., Sullivan, T., Kalb, P., Milian, L., Wilke, R., Newson, C., and Lilimpakis, M. (2001). “Characterization of leak pathways in the below grade ducts of the Brookhaven Graphite Research Reactor using perfluorocarbon tracers.” Formal Rep. No. BNL-52629, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.
Horn, E. G., Dietz, R. N., Aldous, R. M., Leadon, G. A., Honan, J. J., and Seiffert, K. K. (1991). Proc., EPRI 1991 PCB Seminar, Electric Power Research Institute, Baltimore.
Neeper, D. A. (2001). “A model of oscillatory transport in granular soils with application to barometric pumping and earth tides,” J. Contam. Hydrol., 48(3-4), 237–252.
Nilson, R. H., Peterson, E. W., Lie, K. H., Burhhard, N. R., and Hearst, J. R. (1991). “Atmospheric pumping: A mechanism causing vertical transport of contaminated gases through fractured permeable media.” J. Geophys. Res., [Solid Earth Planets], 96(B13), 21933–21948.
Serrato, M. G. (1994). “Bentonite mat demonstration, final report.” Rep. No. WSRC-TR-94-0618, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken, S.C.
Sullivan, T. M., Heiser, J., Gard, A., and Senum, G. (1998). “Monitoring subsurface barrier integrity using perfluorocarbon tracers.” J. Environ. Eng., 124(6), 490–497.
Sullivan, T., Heiser, J., Senum, G., and Milian, L. (2000). “Use of perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) technology for subsurface barrier integrity verification at the Waldo Test Site.” Proc., Waste Management 2000 Symp., Tucson, Ariz.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Dec 11, 2002
Accepted: Oct 5, 2004
Published online: Jun 1, 2005
Published in print: Jun 2005
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.