TECHNICAL PAPERS
Apr 1, 2005

Utilization of an Activated Sludge for the Improvement of an Existing Thermophilic Wastewater Treatment System

Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 131, Issue 4

Abstract

A pilot-scale activated sludge system was started to determine its effectiveness in treating the thermophilic biological effluent from an existing organic chemical industrial wastewater treatment system. Preliminary results demonstrated that an additional 95% biological oxygen demand and 65% dissolved organic carbon removal was achieved. In addition, significant biodegradation of the volatile organic compounds and organic nitrogen was observed.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The writers greatly appreciate and thank Crompton Co./Cie for its financial support of this research. The writers also thank both Niki Goebel and Richard Hauser for their assistance in this study.

References

American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), and Water Environment Federation (WEF). (1985). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 16th Ed., Washington, D.C.
Baker, A., and Dold, P. (1992). “Activated sludge treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater. I: Experimental behavior.” Water Sci. Technol., 26(1–2), 333–343.
Barr, T. A., Taylor, J. M., and Duff, S. J. B. (1996). “Effect of HRT, SRT, and temperature on the performance of activated sludge reactors treating bleached Kraft Mill effluent.” Water Res., 30(4), 799–810.
Bhattacharya, S. K., et al. (1989). “Removal and fate of RCRA and CERCLA toxic organic pollutants in wastewater treatment.” EPA 600/2-89/026, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Washington, D.C.
Bhattacharya, S. K., Madura, R. L., Dobbs, R. A., Angara, R. V. R., and Tabak, H. (1996). “Fate of selected RCRA compounds in a pilot-scale activated sludge system.” Water Environ. Res., 68(3), 260–269.
Carter, J. L., and Barry, W. F. (1975). “Effects of shock temperature in biological systems.” J. Environ. Eng. Div. (Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.), 101(2), 229–243.
Cetin, F. D., and Surucu, G. (1990). “Effects of temperatures and pH on settleability of activated sludge flocs.” Water Sci. Technol., 22(9), 249–254.
Colvin, R. J., Rozich, A. F., Gerber, S., and Strom, D. (2000). “Thermophilic aerobic treatment of high strength organic production wastes and waste activated sludge from a pharmaceutical manufacturer: bench-scale test results and full-scale design issues.” Proc., Water Environment Federation 73rd Annual Conf. and Exposition, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 402–424.
Colvin, R. J., Wujick, W. J., Hahn, C. D., and Rozich, A. F. (2001). “Pump up the volume.” Ind. Wastewater, 9(5), 38–41.
Cooper, A. M., Torrens, K. D., and Musterman, J. L. (1992). “On-site evaluation of treatment system requirements to satisfy direct and indirect discharge limits for a complex industrial wastewater: A case study.” Environ. Prog., 11(1), 18–26.
Dincer, A. R., and Kargi, F. (2000). “Characterization and biological treatment of ceramic industry wastewater.” Bioprocess Eng., 23(2), 209–212.
Eckenfelder, W. W., and Grau, P. (1992). “Activated sludge process design and control theory and practice.” Water quality management library Vol. 1, Technomic, Lancaster, Pa., 170.
Flippen, T. H., and Eckenfelder, W. W., Jr. (1994). “Effect of elevated temperature on activated sludge process.” TAPPI Environmental Conf. and Exhibition of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, TAPPI, Norcross, Ga., 947–949.
Germirli Babuna, F., Soyhan, B., Eremektar, G., and Orhon, D. (1998). “Evaluation of treatability for textile mill effluents.” Proc., 4th Int. Symposium on Waste Management Problems in Agro-Industries, International Water Association, London, U.K.
Hach. (1996). DR/2010 Spectrophotometer Procedures Manual: Methods 8039, 8048, and 8155, Hach, Loveland, Colo.
Hardisty, D. M., and Bishop, H. E., Jr. (1979) “Wastewater treatment experience at organic chemical plants using a pure oxygen system.” AIChE Symp. Ser., 73(167), 140–144.
Junnier, R., Watkins, D., and Petrus, C. (1999) “Design of a thermophilic treatment system, including an innovative oxidation technology, in the treatment of a fragrance manufacturing wash water.” Proc., Water Environment Federation 72nd Annual Conf. Exposition, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 2342–2352.
Kilroy, A. C., and Gray, N. F. (1992). “The toxicity of four organic solvents commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to activated sludge.” Water Res., 26(7), 887–892.
Kim, B. R., Podsiadlik, D. H., Yeh, D. H., Salmeen, I. T., and Briggs, L. M. (1997). “Evaluating the conversion of an automotive paint spray-booth scrubber to an activated-sludge system for removing paint volatile organic compounds from air.” Water Environ. Res., 69(7), 1211–1221.
LaPara, T. M., Pantea, L. M., and Alleman, J. E. (1998). “Analysis of a full-scale thermophilic aerobic biological treatment facility.” J. LaMoreaux, ed., Proc., Industrial Wastes Technical Conf. Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 451–458.
LaPara, T. M., and Alleman, J. E. (1999). “Thermophilic aerobic biological wastewater treatment.” Water Res., 33(4), 895–908.
LaPara, T. M., Konopka, A., Nakatsu, C. H., and Alleman, J. E. (2000). “Effects of elevated temperature on bacterial community structure and function in bioreactors treating a synthetic wastewater.” J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 24(2), 140–145.
LaPara, T. M., Konopka, A., Nakatsu, C. H., and Alleman, J. E. (2001a). “Thermophilic aerobic treatment of a synthetic wastewater in a membrane-coupled bioreactor.” J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 26(4), 203–209.
LaPara, T. M., Nakatsu, C. H., Pantea, L. M., and Alleman, J. E. (2001b). “Aerobic biological treatment of a pharmaceutical wastewater: Effect of temperature on COD removal and bacterial community development.” Water Res., 35(18), 4417–4425.
Lugowski, A., Nakhla, G., Palmateer, G. A., Boose, T. R., and Merriman, J. E. (1998). “Development and performance of a thermophilic aerobic biological process for detoxifying hazardous chemicals.” Proc., Water Environment Federation 71st Annual Conf. Exposition, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 361–368.
Malaspina, F., Stante, L., Cellamare, C. M., and Tilche, A. (1995). “Cheese whey and cheese factory wastewater treatment with a biological anaerobic-aerobic process.” Water Sci. Technol., 32(12), 59–72.
Muller, A., Wentzel, M. C., Loewenthal, R. E., and Ekama, G. A. (2003). “Heterotroph anoxic yield in anoxic aerobic activated sludge systems treating municipal wastewater.” Water Res., 37(10), 2435–2441.
Munirathinam, K., and Chubin, R. (2000). “Effects of high level of total dissolved solids on the treatment of a high strength organic chemical wastewater.” Proc., Water Environment Federation 73rd Annual Conf. Exposition, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 449–463.
Obaja, D., Mace, S., Costa, J., Sans, C., and Mata-Alvarez, J. (2003). “Nitrification, denitrification, and biological phosphorous removal in piggery wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor.” Bioresour. Technol., 87(1), 103–111.
Richard, M., Hao, O., and Jenkins, D. (1985). “Growth kinetics of Sphaerothilus species and their significance in activated sludge bulking.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 57(1), 68–81.
Rim, Y.-T., et al. (1997). “A full-scale test of a biological nutrients removal system using the sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process.” Water Sci. Technol., 35(1), 241–247.
Samson, K. A., and Ekama, G. A. (2000). “An assessment of sewage sludge stability with a specific oxygen rate (SOUR) test method.” Water Sci. Technol., 42(9), 37–40.
Smith, J. R., et al. (1993). “Treatment of organically contaminated groundwaters in municipal activated sludge systems.” Water Environ. Res., 65(7), 804–818.
Stover, E. L., and Samuel, G. J. (1997). “High rate thermophilic pretreatment of high strength industrial wastewaters.” Proc., 52nd Purdue Industrial Waste Conf., Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, Mich., 17–23.
Stover, E. L., Thomas, M., and Pudvay, M. (2001). “Aerobic thermophilic treatment of high-temperature wastewater.” 7th Annual Industrial Wastes Technical and Regulatory Conf., Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va., 46–65.
Suvilampi, J., Lehtomaki, A., and Rintala, J. (2003). “Comparison of laboratory-scale thermophilic biofilm and activated sludge processes integrated with a mesophilic activated sludge process.” Bioresour. Technol., 88(3), 207–214.
Tchobanoglous, G., and Burton, F. L., Eds. (1991). Wastewater engineering: Treatment, disposal, and reuse, 3rd Ed., McGraw–Hill, New York.
Tripathi, C. S., and Allen, D. G. (1999). “Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic aerobic biological treatment in sequencing batch reactors treating bleached Kraft Pulp Mill effluent.” Water Res., 33(3), 836–846.
Ubay Cokgor, E. (1997). “Respirometric evaluation of process kinetic and stoichiometry for aerobic systems.” PhD thesis, Istanbul Technical Univ.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1989). “Volatile organic compounds by isotope dilution GC/MS.” EPA Method 1624, Rev. C, EPA 440-1-89-100, Office of Water Regulation and Standards, Industrial Technology Division, USEPA, Washington, D.C.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1990). “Volatile organic compounds by GC/MS: Capillary column technique, test methods for evaluating solid waste, physical/chemical methods (SW-846).” EPA Method 8260A, Rev. 1, USEPA, Washington, D.C.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2001). User’s Guide for WATER9 Software, Version 1.0.0, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Vogelaar, J. C. T., Bouwhuis, E., Klapwijk, A., Spanjers, H., and van Lier, J. B. (2002). “Mesophilic and thermophilic activated sludge posttreatment of paper mill process water.” Water Res., 36(7), 1869–1879.
Wilkinson, T. G., and Hamer, G. (1979). “The microbial oxidation of mixtures of methanol, phenol, acetone, and isopropanol with reference to effluent purification.” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 29(4), 56–67.
Welper, L. L., Sung, S., and Dague, R. R. (1997). “Laboratory studies on the temperature-phased ASBR system.” Water Sci. Technol., 36(2–3), 295–302.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 131Issue 4April 2005
Pages: 570 - 578

History

Received: Sep 16, 2003
Accepted: Jul 1, 2004
Published online: Apr 1, 2005
Published in print: Apr 2005

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

David Quesnel [email protected]
Doctoral Student, Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B9. E-mail: [email protected]
George Nakhla [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B9 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share