TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jun 13, 2003

Dissolved Oxygen-Stat Titration Respirometry: Principle of Operation and Validation

Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 129, Issue 7

Abstract

A method is presented to assess oxygen uptake rates which operates at constant dissolved oxygen concentration (DO). This method involves DO-stat titrations by controlled addition of a diluted H2O2 solution to a batch volume of activated sludge. The titrant flow rate is proportional to the biomass respiration rate, while the mass of H2O2 added is proportional to the oxidized organics. Classical batch respirometries (with and without gas flow, i.e., “open” and “closed”) were compared to the DO-stat technique using first NaSO2 as reducing chemical and then respiring aerobic biomass. An excellent correlation was found among estimates of oxygen consumption rate and short term yield coefficient by the three techniques. Inhibition by H2O2 was found to be negligible for biomass concentration as volatile suspended solids of 1.5-2 g /L.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Aidun, B., and Smith, D. W.(1988). “Design and evaluation of an automated oxygen uptake rate measurement system.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 15, 1015–1021.
American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), and Water Environmental Federation (WEF). (1995). Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, 19th Ed., United Book, Washington D.C.
ASCE (1993). Measurement of oxygen transfer in clean water, 2nd Ed., ASCE Standard No. ANSI/ASCE 2-91, ASCE, New York.
Blok, J.(1976). “Measurements of the viable biomass concentration in activated sludge by respirometric techniques.” Water Res., 10, 919–925.
Cech, J. S., Chodoba, J., and Grau, P.(1984). “Determination of kinetic constants of activated sludge microorganisms.” Water Sci. Technol., 17, 259–272.
Chin, C., and Hicks, M.(1970). “Hydrogen peroxide studies of oxygen demand.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 42, 1327.
Cole, C. A., Ochs, L. D., and Funnell, F. C.(1974). “Hydrogen peroxide as a supplemental oxygen source.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 46(11), 2579–2592.
Drtil, M., Németh, P., and Bodı´k, I.(1993). “Kinetic constants of nitrification.” Water Res., 27, 35–39.
Duggan, J. B., and Cleasby, J. L.(1976). “Effect of variable loading on oxygen uptake.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 48, 540–550.
Ellis, T. G., Barbeau, D. S., Smets, B. F., and Grady, L. J.(1996). “Respirometric technique for determination of extant kinetic parameters describing biodegradation.” Water Environ. Res., 68(5), 917–926.
Farkas, P. A.(1981). “The use of respirography in biological treatment plant control.” Water Sci. Technol., 13(9), 125–131.
Ficara, E., Rocco, A., and Rozzi, A.(2000). “Determination of nitrification kinetics by the ANITA-DOstat biosensor.” Water Sci. Technol., 41(12), 121–128.
Guwy, A. J., Buckland, H., Hawkes, F. R., and Hawkes, D. L.(1998). “Active biomass in activated sludge: Comparison of respirometry with catalase activity measured using an on-line monitor.” Water Res., 32(12), 3705–3709.
Houtmeyer, J., Poffé, R., and Verachtert, H.(1977). “Hydrogen peroxide as a supplemental oxygen source for activated sludge: microbiological investigations.” Eur. J. Appl. Microbiol., 4, 295–305.
Hunken, K. H., Sekoulov, I., and Bardtke, D.(1973). “Die intensive Sauerstoffversorgung von Belebungsanlagen durch Zugabe von Wasserstoffperoxid (H2O2).” GWF Wass. Abwass., 114, 176–178.
Jeffery, G. H., Bassett, J., Mendham, J., and Denney, R. C. (1989). Vogel’s textbook of quantitative chemical analysis, Longman Group UK Limited, London.
Kim, C. W., Koopman, B., and Bitton, G.(1987). “Effect of suspended solids concentration and filament type on the toxicity of chlorine and hydrogen peroxide to bulking activated sludge.” Tox. Assess., 2, 49–62.
Kottegoda, N. T., and Rosso, R. (197) Probability, statistics, and reliability for civil and environmental engineers, McGraw-Hill, New York, 354–357.
Lamb, J. C., Westgarth, W. C., Rogers, J. L., and Vernimmen, A. P.(1964). “A technique for evaluating the biological treatability of industrial wastes.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 36, 1263–1284.
Larson, R. J., and Shaeffer, S. L.(1982). “A rapid method for determining the toxicity of chemicals to activated sludge.” Water Res., 16(5), 675–680.
Martin, S. R., Guwy, A. J., Ellis, B., Hawkes, F. R., and Hawkes, D. L.(2000). “A novel method for measuring biomass activity to soils con-taminated with oil refinery tar.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 21, 1019–1027.
Massone, A. G., Gernaey, K., Rozzi, A., and Verstraete, W.(1998). “Measurement of ammonium concentration and nitrification rate by a new titrimetric biosensor.” Water Environ. Res., 70(3), 343–350.
Müller, W. R., and Sekoulov, I.(1975). “Intensification of the ammonia oxidation in a sandbed filter.” Prog. Water Technol., 8(4/5), 483–493.
Randall, E. W., Wilkinson, A., and Ekama, G. A.(1991). “An instrument for the direct determination of oxygen uptake rate.” Water South Africa, 17, 11–18.
Ros, M., Dular, M., and Farkas, P. A.(1988). “An improved method using respirography for the design of activated sludge aeration systems.” Water Res., 22, 1483–1489.
Sekine, T., Sato, S., Furuya, S., and Sunuhara, H.(1988). “Supervision and control of the activated sludge process utilising the respiration rate activity.” Envir. Technol. Letters, 9, 1317–1326.
Shellhorn, H. E.(1995). “Regulation of hydroperoxidase (catalase) expression in Escherichia coli.” FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 131, 113–119.
Spanjers, H., and Olsson, G.(1992). “Modeling of the dissolved oxygen probe response in the improvement of the performance of a continuous respiration meter.” Water Res., 27(7), 945–954.
Spanjers, H., Vanrolleghem, P. A., Olsson, G., and Dold, P. L. (1998) “Respirometry in control of the activated sludge process: Principles.” International Association on Water Quality, London.
Surmacz-Gorska, J., Gernaey, K., Demuynck, C., Vanrolleghem, P. A., and Verstraete, W.(1995). “Nitrification process control in activated sludge using oxygen uptake rate measurements.” Environ. Technol., 16, 569–577.
Takamatsu, T., Shioya, S., Morisaki, K., and Ihara, D.(1982). “On-line monitoring and control of an activated sludge process for waste water using o/oo MMOUR.” Eur. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 14, 187–192.
Tusseau-Vuillemin, M. H., Lagarde, F., Chauvière, C., and Héduit, A.(2002). “Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a source of dissolved oxygen in COD-degradation respirometric experiments.” Water Res., 36, 793–798.
Vanrolleghem, P. A., and Verstraete, W.(1993). “Simultaneous biokinetic characterization of heterotrophic and nitrifying population of activated sludge with an on-line respirographic biosensor.” Water Sci. Technol., 28(11–12), 377–387.
Vernimmen, A. P., Henken, E. R., and Lamb, J. C.(1967). “A short-term biochemical oxygen demand test.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 39, 1006–1020.
Verschuere, L., Gernaey, K., and Verstraete, W.(1995). “De NITROX: een snelle en gevoelige on-line toxiciteitsmeting voor water en afvalwater.” Water, 83, 163–168.
Young, J. C. (1996) “Fundamentals of respirometry: Instruments types and basis of operation.” Proc. 51th Purdue Industrial Waste Conf., Ann Arbor press, Chelsea, Mich., 441–451.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 129Issue 7July 2003
Pages: 602 - 609

History

Received: Dec 4, 2001
Accepted: Sep 13, 2002
Published online: Jun 13, 2003
Published in print: Jul 2003

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Alberto Rozzi
Professor, D.I.I.A.R. (Dept. of Hydraulic Environmental Engineering and Survey) Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Elena Ficara
Time Contract Researcher, D.I.I.A.R. (Dept. of Hydraulic Environmental Engineering and Survey) Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Andrea Rocco
Environmental Engineer, Foster Wheeler, Environmental Italia, Via Sebastiano Caboto, 1, 20094 Corsico, Milan, Italy.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share