TECHNICAL PAPERS
Apr 1, 2000

Storm Water Pollutant Removal by Two Wet Ponds in Bellevue, Washington

Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 126, Issue 4

Abstract

Two wet detention ponds were investigated for their ability to remove pollutants, primarily phosphorus, from storm water runoff. The two ponds lie within the Phantom Lake watershed, a subbasin of the Lake Sammamish watershed in Bellevue, Wash., which is developed as a commercial and residential area with impervious surface area as high as 57%. There are design differences between the two ponds, yet both are comparable to design recommendations set forth by local agencies. One pond was built for flow attenuation and water quality treatment; the other serves only to improve water quality. Fifteen storms and two baseflows were successfully sampled during the Northwest's wet season from October 1996 through March 1997. Pollutant removals varied between one-fifth and one-half for phosphorus, and greater than one-half for total suspended solids and most of the analyzed metals. Removal efficiencies were consistently better in the pond designed primarily for water quality.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
CH2M Hill. ( 1993). “Lake Sammamish phase II restoration project: Wet pond monitoring project quality assurance plan.” Bellevue, Wash.
2.
CH2M Hill. ( 1995). “Phantom Lake study, stormwater detention analysis for Boeing information and support services headquarters site.” Bellevue, Wash.
3.
Chandler, R. D. ( 1995). “Improving urban stormwater runoff monitoring practices,” PhD dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
4.
City of Bellevue Utilities Department. (1995). “Characterization and source control of urban stormwater quality.” Tech. Rep., Vol. 1, Bellevue, Wash.
5.
Coffman, L., Green, R., Clar, M., and Bitter, S. (1993). “Development of bioretention practices for stormwater management.” Proc., 20th Anniversary Conf., Water Mgmt. in the '90s: A Time for Innovation, ASCE, New York, 126–128.
6.
Cooke, D. G., et al. (1993). Restoration and management of lakes and reservoirs, 2nd Ed., Lewis, Boca Raton, Fla.
7.
Cunnane, C. (1978). “Unbiased plotting positions—A review.” J. Hydrol., Amsterdam, 37, 205–222.
8.
Driscoll, E. D. ( 1986a). “Detention and retention controls for urban runoff.” Urban runoff quality—Impact and quality enhancement technology, B. Urbonas and L. A. Roesner, eds., ASCE, New York, 381–393.
9.
Driscoll, E. D. ( 1986b). “Lognormality of point and non-point source pollutant concentrations.” Urban runoff quality—Impact and quality enhancement technology, B. Urbonas and L. A. Roesner, eds., ASCE, New York, 438–458.
10.
Dunne, T., and Leopold, L. B. (1978). Water in environmental planning. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco.
11.
Ellis, J. B., and Marsalek, J. (1996). “Overview of urban drainage: Environmental impacts and concerns, means of mitigation and implementation policies.”J. Hydr. Res., Delft, The Netherlands, 34, 723–731.
12.
Field, R., O'Shea, M. L., Chin, K. K., Eds. ( 1993). Integrated stormwater management, Lewis, Boca Raton, Fla., 191–205.
13.
Gain, S. W. (1996). “The effects of flow-path modification on water-quality constituent retention in an urban stormwater detention pond and wetland system, Orlando, Florida.” Water-Res. Investigations Rep. 95-4297, USGS, Tallahassee, Fla.
14.
Horner, R. R., Skupien, J. J., Livingston, E. H., and Shaver, H. E. (1994). Fundamentals of urban runoff management: Technical and institutional issues. Terrene Institute, Washington, D.C.
15.
Kantrowitz, I. H., and Woodham, W. M. (1995). “Efficiency of a stormwater-detention pond in reducing loads of chemical and physical constituents in urban streamflow, Pinellas County, Florida.” Water-Res. Investigations Rep. 94-4217, USGS, Tallahassee, Fla.
16.
KCM, Inc. (1993). “Phantom/Larsen Lake phase II restoration project.” Final Rep., Vol. 1, Phantom Lake, Seattle.
17.
King County Department of Natural Resources. (1998a). “Lake Sammamish water quality management project, final report.” Rep., Seattle.
18.
King County Department of Natural Resources. (1998b). . Surface water design manual. Seattle.
19.
King County Department of Public Works. (1990). Surface water design manual. Surface Water Division, Wash.
20.
Kulzer, L. ( 1989). “Considerations for the use of wet ponds for water quality enhancement.” Office of Water Quality, Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle, Seattle.
21.
Lawrence, A. I., Marsalek, J. J., Ellis, B., and Urbonas, B. (1996). “Stormwater detention and BMPs.”J. Hydr. Res., Delft, The Netherlands, 34, 799–813.
22.
Maristany, A. E. (1993). “Long-term performance of wet detention ponds.” Proc., 20th Anniversary Conf., Water Mgmt. in '90s: A Time for Innovation, ASCE, New York, 138–141.
23.
Marsalek, J. (1990). “Evaluation of pollutant loads from urban nonpoint sources.” Water Sci. and Technol., 22(10/11): 23–30.
24.
Schueler, T. R. (1996). “Irreducible pollutant concentrations discharged from urban BMPs.” Watershed Protection Techniques, 2, 369–372.
25.
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. (1995). 19th Ed., American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment Federation (WEF), Washington, D.C.
26.
Stanley, D. W. (1996). “Pollutant removal by a stormwater dry detention pond.” Water Envir. Res., 68, 1076.
27.
Tetra Tech, Inc. ( 1990). “Recommended protocols for measuring conventional water quality variables and metals in fresh water of the Puget Sound region.” Prepared for the U.S. EPA Region X Office of Puget Sound, Seattle, Bellevue, Wash.
28.
Van Buren, W. A., Watt, W. E., and Marsalek, J. (1997). “Application of the log-normal and normal distributions to stormwater quality parameters.” Water Res., 31, 95–104.
29.
Walker, W. W., Jr. (1987). “Phosphorus removal by urban runoff detention basins.” Lake Reservoir Mgmt., 3, 314–328.
30.
Washington State Department of Ecology. ( 1992). Stormwater management manual for the Puget Sound Basin. Olympia, Wash.
31.
Welch, E. B. (1992). Ecological effects of wastewater, 2nd Ed., Chapman & Hall, New York.
32.
Whipple, W., Jr. (1979). “Dual-purpose detention basins.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt. Div., ASCE, 105(2), 403–412.
33.
Whipple, W., Jr. and Hunter, J. V. (1981). “Settleability of urban runoff pollution.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 53, 451–464.
34.
Wu, J. S., Holman, R. E., and Dorney, J. R. (1996). “Systematic evaluation of pollutant removal by urban wet detention ponds.”J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 122(11), 983–988.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 126Issue 4April 2000
Pages: 321 - 330

History

Received: Mar 5, 1999
Published online: Apr 1, 2000
Published in print: Apr 2000

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Member, ASCE
Member, ASCE
Grad. Res. Asst., Dept. of Civ. and Envir. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700.
Res. Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civ. and Envir. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA.
Adjunct Res. Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civ. and Envir. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share