Effect of Inorganic Ions in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis of TCE
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 125, Issue 1
Abstract
The influence of 12 ionic compounds (Na2SO4, NaHCO3, Na2HPO4, NaNO3, NaCl, MnCl2, NiCl2, CaCl2, MgCl2, AlCl3, FeCl3, and MgSO4) on performance of a fixed-bed photocatalytic reactor is examined. The fixed-bed photocatalyst was developed at Michigan Technological University and comprises 1% Pt-TiO2 on a silica-based support. The degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in Milli-Q water is used to monitor catalyst performance. All compounds are found to inhibit photocatalysis at some or all of the concentrations tested, although only MnCl2 seems to suppress it altogether. Fouling appears to be a least partially reversible. Electron microprobe analysis is employed to investigate how selected fouling agents interact with the catalyst and support.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abdullah, M., Low, G. K.-C., and Matthews, R. ( 1990). “Effects of common inorganic anions on rates of photocatalytic oxidation of organic carbon over illuminated titanium dioxide.” J. Physical Chemistry, 94, 6820–6825.
2.
Bahnemann, D., Cunningham, J., Fox, M. A., Pelizzetti, E., Pichat, P., and Serpone, N. ( 1994). “Photocatalytic treatment of waters.” Aquatic and surface photochemistry, G. R. Helz, R. G. Zepp, and D. G. Crosby, eds., Lewis, Boca Raton, Fla., 261–316.
3.
Boonstra, A. H., and Mutsaers, C. A. H. A. ( 1975). “Relation between the photoadsorption of oxygen and the number of hydroxyl groups in a titanium dioxide surface.” J. Physical Chemistry, 79, 1694.
4.
Choi, W., Termin, A., and Hoffmann, M. R. ( 1994). “The role of metal ion dopants in quantum-sized TiO2: Correlation between photoreactivity and charge carrier recombination dynamics.” J. Physical Chemistry, 98, 13669–13679.
5.
CRC handbook of chemistry and physics . (1993). 74th Ed., David R. Lide, ed., CRC, Boca Raton, Fla.
6.
Crittenden, John C., Zhang, Y., Hand, D. W., Perram, D. L., and Marchand, E. G. ( 1996). “Solar detoxification of fuel-contaminated groundwater using fixed-bed photocatalysts.” Water Envir. Res., 68(3), 270–278.
7.
D'Oliveira, J.-C., Maillard, C., Guillard, C., Al-Sayyed, G., and Pichat, P. ( 1991). “Decontamination of aromatics-containing water by heterogeneous photocatalysis.” Proc., Int. Conf., Innovation, Industrial Progress and Envir., Manifestations et Communications Internationales, Paris, 421–431.
8.
Egorova-Cheesman, O. ( 1993). “Silica gel materials as catalyst supports for photocatalytic destruction of organic water pollutants,” Masters thesis, Michigan Technol. Univ., Houghton, Mich.
9.
Heller, A. ( 1993). “Hydrogen-generating solar cells based on platinum-group metal activated photocathodes.” Energy resources through photochemistry and catalysis, M. , ed., Academic, New York, 385– 420.
10.
Lindner, M., Bahnemann, D. W., Hirthe, B., and Griebler, W.-D. ( 1995). “Solar water detoxification: Novel TiO2 powders as highly active photocatalysts.” Reprinted from Solar engineering, W. B. Stine, T. Tanaka, and D. E. Claridge, eds.
11.
Matthews, R., Mahlman, H. A., and Sworski, T. J. ( 1972). “Elementary processes in the radiolysis of aqueous sulfuric acid solutions. Determinations of both GOH and .” J. Physical Chemistry, 76(9).
12.
Matthews, R. W. ( 1984). “Hydroxylation reactions induced by near-ultraviolet photolysis of aqueous titanium dioxide suspensions.” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1(80), 457–471.
13.
Matthews, R. W. ( 1992). “Photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants in water: An aid to environmental preservation.” Pure & Appl. Chem., 64(9), 1285–1290.
14.
Mehos, M. S., and Turchi, C. S. ( 1993). “Field testing solar photocatalytic detoxification on TCE-contaminated groundwater.” Envir. Progress, 12(3).
15.
Mills, A., Davies, R. H., and Worsley, D. ( 1993). “Water purification by semiconductor photocatalysis.” Chemical Soc. Rev., 22(6).
16.
Notthakun, S. ( 1993). “Phase-transfer advanced oxidation for the destruction of organic contaminants in water,” Doctoral dissertation, Michigan Technol. Univ., Houghton, Mich.
17.
Ollis, D. F., Pelizzetti, E., and Serpone, N. ( 1991). “Photocatalytic destruction of water contaminants.” Environ. Sci. and Technol., 25(9).
18.
Pacheco, J. E., Prairie, M. R., and Yellowhorse, L. ( 1993). “Photocatalytic destruction of chlorinated solvents in water with solar energy.” J. Solar Energy Engrg., 115, 123–129.
19.
Ross, A. B., and Neta, P. ( 1979). “Rate constants for reactions of inorganic radicals in aqueous solution.” U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.
20.
Sclafani, A., Palmisano, L., and Schiavello, M. ( 1994). “Phenol and nitrophenol photodegradation using aqueous TiO2 dispersions.” Aquatic and surface photochemistry, G. R. Helz, R. G. Zepp, and D. G. Crosby, eds., Lewis, Boca Raton, Fla., 419–426.
21.
Stumm, W. ( 1992). Chemistry of the solid-water interface . Wiley, New York.
22.
Stumm, W., and Morgan, J. J. ( 1996). Aquatic chemistry, 3rd Ed., Wiley, New York.
23.
Suri, R. P. S., Liu, J., Hand, D. W., Crittenden, J. C., Perram, D. L., and Mullins, M. E. ( 1993). “Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of hazardous organic contaminants in water.” Water Envir. Res., 65(5).
24.
Torimoto, T., Ito, S., Kuwabata, S., and Yoneyama, H. ( 1996). “Effects of adsorbents used as supports for titanium dioxide loading on photocatalytic degradation of propyzamide.” Envir. Sci. and Technol., 30, 1275–1281.
25.
Turchi, C. S., and Ollis, D. F. ( 1990). “Photocatalytic degradation of organic water contaminants: Mechanisms involving hydroxyl radical attack.” J. Catalysis, 122, 178–192.
26.
Waite, T. D. ( 1990). “Photo-redox processes at the mineral-water interface.” Reviews in mineralogy, Vol. 23: Mineral-water interface geochemistry, M. F. Hochella and A. F. White, eds., Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D.C.
27.
Zhang, Y., Crittenden, J. C., Hand, D. W., and Perram, D. L. ( 1994). “Fixed-bed photo-catalysts for solar decontamination of water.” Envir. Sci. and Technol., 28(3).
28.
Zhang, Y., Crittenden, J. C., Hand, D. W., and Perram, D. L. ( 1996). “Destruction of organic compounds in water using supported photocatalysts.” J. Solar Energy Engrg., 118(5), 123–129.
29.
Zhu, H., Zhang, M., Xia, Z., and Low, G. K.-C. ( 1995). “Titanium dioxide mediated photocatalytic degradation of monocrotophos.” Water Res., 29(12), 2681–2688.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Received: Jun 16, 1997
Published online: Jan 1, 1999
Published in print: Jan 1999
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.