Shock and Transient Loading on Anaerobic Reactor Coupled with Adsorber
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 122, Issue 1
Abstract
The resilience and operational control of a unique reactor design was studied in a series of transient experiments. The reactor design included an expanded-bed granular activated carbon (GAC) anaerobic reactor with a GAC adsorber located in the recycle line. The reactor was subjected to variable loadings, a shutdown period, and a step decrease in the hydraulic residence time (HRT). During the variable-loading experiment, the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading was increased from 24 kg COD/m 3 -d to 71 kg COD/m 3 -d, three times. After extended operation at 71 kg COD/m 3 -d, severe biological inhibition was observed and reactor failure was imminent. Rapid recovery was facilitated by the replacement of GAC from the GAC adsorber. Adsorbed organics provided substrate during a 60 h shutdown, and removal efficiencies were not affected. A step decrease in the HRT from 1 d to 2.8 h did not affect biological removal efficiency and washout of attached biomass was negligible. When subjected to severe transient operation, the performance of this reactor system was robust, and operational control allowed for rapid recovery from severe inhibition.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Blum, D. J. W., Hergenroeder, R., Parkin, G. F., and Speece, R. E.(1986). “Anaerobic treatment of coal conversion wastewater constituents: biodegradability and toxicity.”J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 58, 122–131.
2.
Fox, P. and Suidan(1990). “Batch tests to determine activity distribution and kinetic parameters for acetate utilization in expanded-bed anaerobic reactors.”Appl. Envir. Microbiol., 56, 887–894.
3.
Fox, P., and Suidan, M. T. (1992). “A fed-batch technique to evaluate biodegradation rates of inhibitory compounds with anaerobic biofilms attached to activated carbon.”Wat. Sci. and Technol. 23, 1337–1346.
4.
Fox, P., and Suidan, M. T.(1993). “A comparison of expanded-bed GAC reactor designs for the treatment of refractory/inhibitory wastewaters.”Water Res., 24, 827–836.
5.
Fox, P., Suidan, M. T., and Bandy, J. T.(1990a). “A comparison of media types in acetate fed expanded-bed anaerobic reactors.”Water Res., 24, 827–835.
6.
Fox, P., Suidan, M. T., Pfeffer, J. T., and Bandy, J. T.(1990b). “A hybrid expanded-bed GAC reactor for treating inhibitory wastewaters,”J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 116(3), 438–453.
7.
Gardner, D. A., Suidan, M. T., and Kobayashi, H. A.(1988). “Role of GAC activity and particle size during the fluidized-bed anaerobic treatment of refinery sour water stripper bottoms.”J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 60, 505–513.
8.
Grady, C. P. L., and Lim, H. L. (1980). Biological wastewater/treatment, theory and application . Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, N.Y.
9.
Herbert, D., Phipps, P. J., and Strange, R. E. (1971). “Determination of total carbohydrate.”Methods in Microbiology, 5B, J. R. Norris and D. W. Robbins, eds., Academic Press, Inc., New York, N.Y.
10.
Hogrefe, H. G., Cook, A. M., and Hutter, H. (1986). “Treatment of s -triazine-containing wastewater in a fluidized bed reactor.”Biotechnol. and Bioengrg., 28, 1577–1586.
11.
McCarty, P. L. (1971). “Energetics and kinetics of anaerobic treatment.”Anaerobic Biol. Treatment Processes, Adv. in Chem. Ser., 105, Washington, D.C.
12.
Nakhla, G. F., Suidan, M. T., and Pfeffer, J. T. (1988). “Operational control of an anaerobic GAC reactor treating hazardous wastes.”Water Sci. and Technol. 21, 167–178.
13.
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 14th Ed. (1975). WPCF, Washington, D.C.
14.
Suidan, M. T., Strubler, C. E., Kao, S. W., and Pfeffer, J. T.(1983). “Treatment of coal gasification wastewater with anaerobic filter technology.”J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 55, 1263–1271.
15.
Wang, Y-T., Suidan, M. T., and Rittman, B. E.(1986a). “Anaerobic treatment of phenol by an expanded-bed reactor.”J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 58, 227–234.
16.
Wang, Y-T., Suidan, M. T., and Rittman, B. E.(1986b). “Kinetics of methanogens in an expanded-bed reactor.”J. Envir. Engrg. ASCE, 112(1), 155–171.
17.
Wang, Y-T., Suidan, M. T., Pfeffer, J. T., and Najm, I.(1988). “Effects of some alkyl phenols on methanogenic degradation of phenol.”Appl. and Envir. Microbiol., 54, 1277–1283.
18.
Yang, J., and Speece, R. E.(1985). “Effects of engineering controls on methane fermentation toxicity response.”J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 57, 1134–1142.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1996
Published in print: Jan 1996
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.