Flow Investigation for Landfill Leachate (FILL)
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 1
Abstract
A two-dimensional un-steady-state moisture flow model has been developed in order to describe the leachate flow process in a landfill. The unsteady variation of leachate mound head has also been considered in the saturated zone of the landfill to compute the time-varying leachate flow rates in both the lateral and vertical directions. The contribution of precipitation to the landfill leachate has been investigated by computing evapotranspiration and surface runoff due to side slope. The model was used to simulate the leachate flow rates in section 6/7 of Fresh Kills landfill, situated in Staten Island, New York. A comparison of the results was made with the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model, which is based on a quasi-two-dimensional approach. Comparisons were also made with the results obtained from previous studies using the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) water-balance model and investigating the real field condition. An underestimate of the surface runoff was observed in the case of the results obtained by the HELP model. The simulated leachate flow rates by the new model were found to be less than those obtained by other methods. The effects of the variation of the boundary condition, which depends on surface runoff and evapotranspiration, were examined to arrive at the better representation of the two-dimensional unsteady mechanism of leachate flow process in a landfill.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bras, R. L. (1990). Hydrology: an introduction to hydrologic science. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 485–488.
2.
Bristow, K. L., and Williams, J. (1987). “Sensitivity and simulated infiltration to changes in soil properties.”Infiltration development and application, Y.-S. Fok, ed., University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 555–564.
3.
Campbell, G. S.(1974). “A simple method for determining unsaturated conductivity from moisture retention data.”Soil Sci., 117(6), 311–314.
4.
Chow, V. T., Maidment, D. R., and Mays, L. W. (1988). Applied hydrology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, N.Y., 281–302.
5.
Dass, P., Tamke, G. R., and Stoffel, C. M.(1977). “Leachate production at sanitary landfill sites.”J. Envir. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 103(6), 981–988.
6.
Demetracopoulos, A. C., Korfiatis, G. P., Bourodimos, E. L., and Naway, E. G.(1984). “Modeling for design of landfill bottom liners.”J. Envir. Engrg., 110(6), 1084–1098.
7.
Demetracopoulos, A. C., Korfiatis, G. P., Bourodimos, E. L., and Nawy, E. G.(1986). “Unsaturated flow through solid waste landfills: model and sensitivity analysis.”Water Resour. Bull., 22(4), 601–609.
8.
Demetracopoulos, A. C.(1988). “Overview of landfill bottom liner hydraulics.”Water Resour. Bull., 24(1), 49–56.
9.
Fenn, D. G., Henley, K. J., and Degere, T. V. (1975). “Use of the water balance for predicting leachate generation from solid waste disposal sites.”Rep. SW-168. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 8–11.
10.
Gee, J. R. (1981). “Prediction of leachate accumulation in sanitary landfills.”Proc., 4th Annu. Madison Conf. of Appl. Res. and Practice on Municipal and Industrial Waste.
11.
Haverkamp, R., Rendon, L., and Vachaud, G. (1987). “Infiltration equations and their applicability for predictive use.” Infiltration development and application, Y.-S. Fok, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 142–152.
12.
Jensen, K. H. (1983). “Simulation of water flow in the unsaturated zone including the root zone.”Ser. Paper No. 33, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, 13–24.
13.
Khanbilvardi, R. M., Fillos, J., Ahmed, S. (1992). “Modelling, monitoring, and evaluation of leachate at the Fresh Kills Landfill.”Rep. Submitted to New York City Department of Sanitation and New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, New York, N.Y.
14.
Korfiatis, G. P. (1984). “Modelling the moisture transport through solid waste landfills,” PhD dissertation, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J.
15.
Korfiatis, G. P., and Demetracopoulos, A. C.(1986). “Flow characteristics of landfill leachate collection systems and liners.”J. Envir. Engrg., 112(3), 538–550.
16.
“CREAMS: a field scale model for chemical runoff and erosion from agricultural management system; Vols. I, II, III.” (1980). Draft copy, USDA-SEA, AR, Cns. Res., W. J. Krisel, ed., Washington, D.C.
17.
Perrier, E. R., and Gibson, A. C. (1980). “Hydrogeologic simulation on solid waste disposal sites.”EPA-WS 868, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio.
18.
Philip, J. R. (1969). “Theory of infiltration.”Advances in hydroscience, V. T. Chow, ed., Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 215–296.
19.
Ritchie, J. T.(1972). “A model for predicting evaporation from row crop with incomplete cover.”Water Resour. Res., 8(5), 1204–1213.
20.
Rogowski, A. S.(1971). “Watershed physics: model of the soil moisture characteristic.”Water Resour. Res., 7(6), 1575–1582.
21.
Schroeder, P. R., Gibson, A. C., and Smolen, M. D. (1984). The Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model, Vol. II; documentation for version 1. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., 14–20.
22.
Schroeder, P. R., McEnroe, B. M., Peyton, R. L., and Sjostrom, J. W. (1988). The Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model, Vol. IV; documentation for Version 2, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
23.
Segol, G. (1976). “A three dimensional Galerkin finite-element model for the analysis of contaminant transport in variably saturated porous media.”Rep., University of Waterloo, Canada.
24.
Viessman, W. J. R., Knapp, J. W., Lewis, G. L., and Harbaugh, T. E. (1977). Introduction to hydrology. Harper and Row Publishers, New York, N.Y.
25.
Wanielista, M. (1990). Hydrology and water quality control. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
26.
Wehran Engineering Co. (1983). “Hydrologic investigation, Fresh Kills Landfill solid waste disposal operation plan; Vols. I and II.”Hydrogeologic Rep. Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff-Cosulich, New York, N.Y.
27.
Willis, R., and Yeh, W.-G. (1987). Groundwater systems planning and management. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
28.
Yeh, G. T. (1987). “FEMWATER: a finite element model of water flow through saturated-unsaturated porous media: first revision.”Rep. ORNL5567/R1, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn.
29.
Yeh, G. T., and Ward, D. S. (1981). “FEMWASTE: a finite-element model of waste transport through saturated-unsaturated porous media.”Rep. ORNL-5601, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 1 • January 1995
Pages: 45 - 57
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1995
Published in print: Jan 1995
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.