Quasi‐Two‐Dimensional Reservoir Simulation Model
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 117, Issue 5
Abstract
A quasi‐two‐dimensional model for the simulation of temperature, salinity, and density in a reservoir is described. The model is based upon the one‐dimensional reservoir simulation model DYRESM, and is extended into two dimensions using a Lagrangian formulation of self‐contained parcels within the layer structure of the one‐dimensional model. These parcels resolve the horizontal motions and gradients by moving vertically or horizontally and splitting and combining to simulate the various physical processes in the reservoir occurring in response to the prevailing climatological conditions. The model is not a full two‐dimensional model, because not all horizontal processes are included. Algorithms to simulate inflow, selective withdrawal, and adjustment of horizontal density gradients are included, however, and the model is therefore quite useful for examining some simple scenarios in which these processes are dominant. The results of simulations of Canning Reservoir in Western Australia showing several inflow and intrusion events at different times of the year, and the return of the reservoir temperature field to a one‐dimensional structure after the cessation of inflow, are presented. These results are compared with measurements taken in the field, with good agreement. The usefulness of the model in its present form for following the path and estimating the detention time of various parcels of water is discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Brooke‐Benjamin, T. (1968). “Gravity currents and related phenomena.” J. Fluid Mech., 3(2), 209–248.
2.
Buchak, E. M., and Edinger, J. E. (1979). “A hydrodynamic two‐dimensional reservoir model: Development and test application to Sutton Reservoir, Elk River, West Virginia,” Report, U.S. Army Engineer Division, Ohio River, Ohio.
3.
Edinger, J. E., Buchak, E. M., and Merritt, D. H. (1983). “Longitudinal‐vertical hydrodynamics and transport with chemical equilibria for Lake Powell and Lake Mead,” Salinity in watercourses and reservoirs, R. H. French, ed., Butterworth Publishers, Stoneham, Mass., 213–222.
4.
Garret, C. (1979). “Mixing in the ocean interior,” Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 3, 239–256.
5.
Gordon, J. A. (1981). “LARM two‐dimensional model: An evaluation.” J. Envir. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 107(5), 877–886.
6.
Harleman, D. R. F. (1982). “Hydrothermal analysis of lakes and reservoirs.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 108(3), 302–325.
7.
Hebbert, R., Imberger, J., Loh, I., and Patterson, J. (1979). “Collie River flow into the Wellington Reservoir.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 105(5), 533–545.
8.
Henderson‐Sellers, B. (1986). “Calculating the surface energy balance for lake and reservoir modelling: A review.” Review Geophysics, 24(3), 625–649.
9.
Hocking, G. C., and Patterson, J. C. (1987). “Two‐dimensional modelling of reservoir outflows.” Proc., S. I. L. Congress, Int. Assoc. for Theoretical and Appl. Limnology, Hamilton, New Zealand, 2226–2231.
10.
Hocking, G. C., Sherman, B. S., and Patterson, J. C. (1988). “Algorithm for selective withdrawal from stratified reservoir.” J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 114(7), 707–719.
11.
Imberger, J. (1980). “Selective withdrawal: A review.” Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. Stratified Flows, Int. Assoc. Hydr. Res., Trondheim, Norway, 1, 381–400.
12.
Imberger, J., and Hamblin, P. F. (1982). “Dynamics of lakes, reservoirs and cooling ponds.” Annual Review Fluid Mech., 14, 153–187.
13.
Imberger, J. (1982). “Reservoir dynamics modelling.” Prediction in water quality, E. M. O'Loughlin and P. Cullen, eds., Australian Acad. of Sci., Canberra, Australia, 223–248.
14.
Imberger, J., and Patterson, J. C. (1981). “A dynamic reservoir simulation model—DYRESM: 5,” Transport models for inland and coastal waters, H. B. Fischer, ed., Academic Press Inc., New York, N.Y., 310–361.
15.
Imberger, J., Patterson, J. C., Hebbert, R., and Loh, I. (1978). “Dynamics of reservoir of medium size.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 104(5), 725–743.
16.
Imberger, J., and Patterson, J. C. (1989). “Physical limnology.” Advances in Appl. Mech., 27, 303–475.
17.
Ivey, G. N., and Patterson, J. C. (1984). “A model of the vertical mixing of Lake Erie in summer.” Limnology Oceanography, 29(3), 553–563.
18.
Jokela, J. B., and Patterson, J. C. (1985). “Quasi‐two‐dimensional modelling of reservoir inflow.” Proc., 21st IAHR Int. Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 2, 317–322.
19.
Kim, B. R., Higgins, J. M., and Bruggink, D. J. (1983). “Reservoir circulation patterns and water quality.” J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 109(6), 1284–1294.
20.
Manins, P. C. (1976). “Mixed region collapse in a stratified fluid.” J. Fluid Mech., 77(1), 177–183.
21.
Patterson, J. C., Hamblin, P. F., and Imberger, J. (1984). “Classification and dynamic simulation of the vertical density structure of lakes.” Limnol. Oceanogr., 29(4), 845–861.
22.
Patterson, J. C., Allanson, B. R., and Ivey, G. N. (1985). “A dissolved oxygen budget model for Lake Erie in summer.” Freshwater Biology, 15(6), 683–694.
23.
Patterson, J. C., and Hamblin, P. F. (1988). “Thermal simulation of a lake with winter ice cover.” Limnol. Oceanogr., 33, 323–338.
24.
Patterson, J. C., and Imberger, J. (1989). “Simulation of bubble plume destratification systems in reservoirs.” Aquatic Sci., 51(1), 3–18.
25.
Spigel, R., and Farrant, B. (1984). “Selective withdrawal through a point sink and pycnocline formation in a linearly stratified fluid.” J. Hydr. Res., 22(1), 35–51.
26.
Spigel, R., and Imberger, J. (1980). “The classification of mixed layer dynamics in lakes of small to medium size.” J. Physical Oceanography, 19(7.), 1104–1121.
27.
“Heat and mass transfer between a water surface and the atmosphere.” (1972). Lab Report No. 14, Tennessee Valley Authority, Norris, Tenn.
28.
Waldrop, W. R., Ungate, C. D., and Harper, W. L. (1980). “Computer simulation of hydrodynamics and temperatures of Tellico Reservoir.” Tech. Report WR28‐1‐65‐100, TV A Water Systems Development Branch, Norris, Tenn.
29.
Weinstock, J. (1981). “Vertical turbulence diffusivity for weak or strong stable stratification.” J. Geophysical Res., 86(10), 9925–9928.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 117 • Issue 5 • September 1991
Pages: 595 - 613
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 ASCE.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1991
Published in print: Sep 1991
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.