TECHNICAL PAPERS
Dec 1, 1983

Mixing Effects on Coal Processing Waste Treatment

Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 109, Issue 6

Abstract

AS a consequence of new coal mining practices, coal preparation plants have been inundated with increased loads of coal and clay particles in their wastewater. Traditionally, the industry has employed primary sedimentation for the treatment of these sediment‐laden waters. This study examined the possible use of commercial coagulants for the treatment of these wastewaters, with specific emphasis being placed on the impact of mixing conditions on observed solids removal. Aluminum sulfate and cationic polymers were utilized in research studies under varying conditions of mixing intensity and time. The results showed that efficient coagulation was accomplished under a variety of mixing conditions, with poor solids removal noted only when the coagulated suspensions were exposed to excessive shear. Particle size distribution analyses were utilized extensively in the interpretation of experimental results and the formulation of project conclusions.

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References

1.
Amirtharajah, A., and Mills, K. M., “Rapid Mix Design for Mechanisms of Alum Coagulation,” Proceedings, 1980 AWWA Annual Conference, Atlanta, Ga., 1980, pp. 201–216.
2.
Commonwealth of Virginia, Sewerage Regulations, State Department of Health and State Water Control Board, Richmond, Va., 1977, p. 205.
3.
Congress of the United States, “The Direct Use of Coal,” Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, D.C., 1979.
4.
Environmental Protection Agency, “Effluent Guidelines and Standards: Part 434—Coal Mining Point Source Category: Effluent Limitations Guidelines for Existing Sources,” Federal Register (40 CFR, Part 434), Vol. 42, No. 80, Apr. 26, 1977, pp. 21380‐21390.
5.
Environmental Protection Agency, “Coal Mining Point Source Category, Effluent Guidelines and New Source Performance Standards,” Federal Register, (40 CFR, Part 434), Vol. 46, No. 103, May 29, 1981, pp. 28873‐28881.
6.
Kavanaugh, M. C., Tate, C. H., Trussel, A. R., Trussel, R. R., and Treweek, G., “Use of Particle Size Distribution Measurements for Selection and Control of Solid/Liquid Separation Processes,” Particulates in Water: Characterization, Fate, Effects and Removal, M. C. Kavanaugh and J. O. Leckie, eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1980, pp. 305–328.
7.
Lawler, D. F., “A Particle Approach to the Thickening Process,” thesis presented to the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, in 1979, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
8.
O'Brien, Ellis, “Fine Coal Cleaning in the 28 × 0 Fraction: A Technical Overview,” Mining Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 8, 1980, pp. 1213–1214.

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Published In

Go to Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 109Issue 6December 1983
Pages: 1295 - 1310

History

Published online: Dec 1, 1983
Published in print: Dec 1983

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Authors

Affiliations

William R. Knocke, A. M. ASCE
Asst. Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, Va. 24061
Letitia P. Jones
Pollution Control Specialist, Virginia State Water Control Board, Abingdon, Va.

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