Field Study of Concrete Maturity Methodology in Cold Weather
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 133, Issue 11
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the reliability and potential benefits of using the concrete maturity method in cold weather. This paper reviews the concrete maturity method, describes the technology and field observations, and discusses potential benefits of using concrete maturity in cold climates. The concrete maturity method is based on the idea that concrete strength development is strongly correlated with the curing temperature history. Modern sensor and processing devices (loggers) are able to measure and record the temperature of concrete over time. This information could be used to predict concrete strength over time. Findings from a case study in application of the maturity method in an industrial construction project in Edmonton, Alta., Canada indicated a significant potential time and cost reduction. The study also indicated that the concrete maturity methodology enables reliable quality control through the accurate estimation of in-place concrete strength. The real time information available through the concrete maturity method allowed the project manager to be proactive in managing heating and protection to ensure that the proper level of concrete strength was developed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers would like to thank FIATECH (Fully Integrated and Automated TECHnology), Imperial Oil, BIRD Construction, and Engius for their support of this study.
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 306. (1988). Cold weather concreting, ACI 306R-88, Farmington Hills, Detroit.
Ansari, F., Luke, L., Dong, Y., and Maher, A. (1999). Development of maturity protocol for construction of NJDOT concrete atructures: FHWA NJ 2001–017, New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT), Piscataway, N.J.
ASTM. (2000). Standard practice for estimating concrete strength by the maturity method, ASTM C 1074-98, Vol. 04.02, West Conshohocken, Pa.
Bagheri-Zadeh, S.-H. (2005). “Field study of concrete maturity method in very cold weather.” MSc dissertation, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2004). “Concrete materials and methods of concrete construction.” CSA A23.1-04, Missisauga, Ont., Canada.
Carino, N. J., and Lew, H. S. (2001). “The maturity method: From theory to application.” Proc. 2001 Structures Congress & Exposition, Washington, D.C.
Goodrum, P. M., Dai, J., Wood, C. R., and King, M. (2004). The use of the concrete maturity method in the construction of industrial facilities: A case study, smart chips projects, Fully Integrated and Automated Technology (FIATECH), Austin, Tex.
Kim, J. K., Han, S. H., and Lee, K. M. (2001). “Estimation of compressive strength by a new apparent activation energy function.” Cem. Concr. Res., 31(2), 217–225.
Kosmatka, S. H., Kerkhoff, B., Panarese, W. C., MacLeod, N. F., and McGrath, R. J. (2002). Design and control of concrete mixtures, 7th Ed., Cement Association of Canada, Ottawa.
Luke, A., Hsu, T., and Punurai, S. (2002). Implementation of concrete maturity meters, New Jersey Department of Transportation, Piscataway, N.J.
McIntosh, J. D. (1949). “Electrical curing of concrete.” Mag. Concrete Res., 1(1), 21–28.
Nurse, R. W. (1949). “Steam curing of concrete.” Mag. Concrete Res., l(2), 79–88.
Phelan, R. S., Radjy, F., Haas, C., and Hendrickson, C. (1990). “Computer-aided concrete-placement optimization.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 116(1), 172–187.
Rasmussen, R. O., Cable, J. K., Turner, D. J., and Voigt, G. F. (2004). “Strength prediction by using maturity for Portland cement concrete pavement construction at airfields.” Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1893, 18–25.
Saul, A. G. A. (1951). “Principles underlying the steam curing of concrete at atmospheric pressure.” Mag. Concrete Res., 2(6), 127–140.
Tepke, D. G., Tikalsky, P. J., and Scheetz, B. (2004). “Concrete maturity field studies for highway applications.” Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1893, 26–36.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 133 • Issue 11 • November 2007
Pages: 827 - 835
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 5, 2006
Accepted: Feb 1, 2007
Published online: Nov 1, 2007
Published in print: Nov 2007
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.