TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jun 1, 1994

Knowledge‐Based Expert System for Concrete Mix Design

Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 120, Issue 2

Abstract

In the United States, the American Concrete Institute method (ACI 211) is the most widely used concrete mix design. However, ACI 211 does not consider all factors regarding concrete mix design. The acceptance of a freshly mixed concrete depends on concrete quality control test results. If the results indicate that the concrete does not meet the specification, mix design adjustment must be made. Concrete mix design and adjustment are somewhat complicated and time‐consuming tasks that are performed best by experienced persons. In this project, a rule‐based expert system was developed to assist the user in concrete mix design, including the necessary adjustments to the design. The expert system can handle mix designs for normal‐weight concrete, normal‐weight‐mass concrete, normal‐weight no‐slump concrete, heavyweight concrete, and lightweight concrete. Besides workability, consistency, strength, durability, and density, the expert system considers other criteria such as admixtures, transportation, and air temperature that affect the concrete mix design. The system was tested on three projects. The system's selection of concrete proportions compared favorably with the experts' selections.

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References

1.
“ACI 116R‐85, cement and concrete terminology.” (1989). ACI manual of concrete practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich.
2.
“ACI 211.1‐81 standard practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavyweight, and mass concrete.” (1989). ACI manual of concrete practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich.
3.
“ACI 214.1R‐81, use of accelerated strength testing.” (1989). ACI manual of concrete practice, Part 2, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich.
4.
Celik, T., Thorpe, A., and McCaffer, R. (1989). “Development of an expert system.” Concrete Int. Des. and Constr., 11(8), 37–41.
5.
Clifton, J. R., and Kaetzel, L. J. (1988). “Expert systems for concrete construction.” Concrete Int. Des. and Constr., 10(11), 19–24.
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“Control tests on fresh concrete.” (1981). Concr. Constr., 26(7), 557–561.
7.
EXSYS Inc. (1988). “EXSYS professional manual.” Albuquerque, N.M.
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Malasri, S., and Maldonado (1988). “Concrete mix designer.” Computer Applications in Concrete Technology, SP113‐3, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich.
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Neville, A. M. (1981). Properties of concrete, 3rd Ed., Pitman Publishing, Inc., Marshfield, Mass.
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Waddell, J. J. (1984). Concrete manual, International Conference of Building Officials, Whittier, Calif.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 120Issue 2June 1994
Pages: 357 - 373

History

Received: May 11, 1992
Published online: Jun 1, 1994
Published in print: Jun 1994

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Authors

Affiliations

Yong Bai
Grad. Student, Civ. Engrg. Dept., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634‐0911
Serji N. Amirkhanian, Member, ASCE
Assoc. Prof., Civ. Engrg. Dept., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC

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