Hybridization in FRP Composites for Construction: State-of-the-Art Review and Trends
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 28, Issue 4
Abstract
Hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, combining different types of fibers within a polymeric matrix, have piqued the research community’s interest due to their enhanced mechanical properties and functional performance. These materials offer optimized fiber usage, tailored failure responses, and potential for pseudoductile behavior. Furthermore, hybridization avoids catastrophic tensile failure despite the composites being composed entirely of brittle materials. Empirical evidence from previous research conducted on hybrid FRP composites for civil engineering applications suggests their potential as a promising asset to the field. This review paper collates extensive research and development work on hybrid FRP composites for civil engineering applications, providing a comprehensive summary since their inception. It covers areas including the development of reinforcing bars for reinforced concrete (RC) structures, externally bonded strengthening systems for RC structures, pultruded profiles for novel structures, and cables for long-span bridges. The paper begins with a concise overview of the influential developments that paved the way for hybrid FRP composites, followed by an in-depth discussion of their utilization in the construction sector. The paper concludes by extrapolating the potential future trajectory of hybrid FRP composites, providing insights into their future outlook.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and/or codes generated or used during this study are available from the corresponding author upon request, namely, Table 3 and Fig. 10.
Acknowledgments
This work was carried out in the scope of the project DURABLE-FRP (PTDC/ECI-EGC/4609/2020, doi.org/10.54499/PTDC/ECI-EGC/4609/2020) funded by national funds financed by the European Fund of the Regional Development (FEDER) through the Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI) and the Lisbon Regional Operational Program and was partly financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) under the R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), under reference UIDB/04625/2020 (doi:10.54499/PTDC/ECI-EGC/4609/2020), and under the Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE under reference LA/P/0112/2020.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- EH
- elastic modulus of the HE material;
- GIIC
- Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of the interface between LE layers and HE layers;
- Kt
- stress concentration factor in the high-strain material;
- mH
- Weibull strength distribution modulus of the HE fibers;
- SH
- reference strength of the HE material;
- SL
- reference strength of the LE material;
- tH
- half thickness of the HE material;
- V
- volume of the specimen;
- VH
- volume of the high-elongation material;
- VL
- volume of the low-elongation material;
- VM
- volume of the matrix;
- α
- modulus ratios of the LE to HE material;
- β
- thickness ratios of the LE to HE material;
- absolute variation between the strain of LS material at failure in hybrid and nonhybrid composites;
- ɛ@H-PS
- strain in the composite at the postsaturation phase when the high-strain material fails;
- ɛH
- failure strain of the HE material;
- failure strain of the LE material;
- σ@del
- stress at which delamination starts;
- σ@HF
- stress at which the HE material fails; and
- σ@LF
- stress at which the first crack in the LE material occurs.
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Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 28 • Issue 4 • August 2024
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© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Aug 2, 2023
Accepted: Feb 8, 2024
Published online: May 17, 2024
Published in print: Aug 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Oct 17, 2024
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