Packed Bed Column for Adsorption of Arsenic on Mixed-Valent Iron [Fe(II)-Fe(III)] Oxide Synthesized from Industrial Waste
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 24, Issue 2
Abstract
Hundreds of millions of people in the world regularly intake groundwater that has a high-risk arsenic level. In several parts of Asia, the arsenic concentration reaches up to , which is above the drinking water standards of the World Health Organization (). The present study discusses the arsenic removal from groundwater using a mixed-valent iron [Fe(II)-Fe(III)] oxide, commonly known as magnetite. Mixed-valent iron [Fe(II)-Fe(III)] oxide particles were synthesized from iron oxide waste that was obtained from the steel industry. Six column reactors were operated based on different operational variables, such as amount of adsorbent, particle size, initial arsenic concentration, empty bed contact time (EBCT), and flow rate. Four columns were continuously operated for 44 days, and two columns were operated for 80 days. The adsorption profile was maintained well for all the reactors with more than 98% arsenic removal efficiency from influent water. The shorter breakthrough curve was achieved for the columns operated with a higher influent arsenate concentration as compared with the columns operated with a low influent arsenate concentration. Moreover, the longer breakthrough curve was achieved for the column packed with a higher quantity of adsorbent. The column operated with a low EBCT and high flow rate resulted in the earlier breakthrough because arsenate ions did not get adequate time to bind at the adsorption sites and, subsequently, excited the column before it reached the state of equilibrium.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Development of Eco-Smart Waterworks System Program of the Ministry of Environment, Korea (Project #: 2016002110009) and the Korea Research Fellowship Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (Grant No. 2019H1D3A1A02071191).
References
Ali, S. M., A. Galal, N. F. Atta, and Y. Shammakh. 2017. “Toxic heavy metal ions removal from wastewater by nano-magnetite: Case study Nile river water.” Egypt. J. Chem. 60 (4): 601–612. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2017.3583.
Ali, W., A. Rasool, M. Junaid, and H. Zhang. 2019. “A comprehensive review on current status, mechanism, and possible sources of arsenic contamination in groundwater: A global perspective with prominence of Pakistan scenario.” Environ. Geochem. Health. 41 (2): 737–760. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-018-0169-x.
Aredes, S., B. Klein, and M. Pawlik. 2012. “The removal of arsenic from water using natural iron oxide minerals.” J. Cleaner Prod. 29–30 (Jul): 208–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.029.
Asere, T. G., C. V. Stevens, and G. Du Laing. 2019. “Use of (modified) natural adsorbents for arsenic remediation: A review.” Sci. Total Environ. 676 (Aug): 706–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.237.
Bhakat, P. B., A. K. Gupta, and S. Ayoob. 2007. “Feasibility analysis of As(III) removal in a continuous flow fixed bed system by modified calcined bauxite (MCB).” J. Hazard. Mater. 139 (2): 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.037.
Chatterjee, S., and S. De. 2017. “Adsorptive removal of arsenic from groundwater using chemically treated iron ore slime incorporated mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane.” Sep. Purif. Technol. 179 (May): 357–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.02.019.
Chowdhury, S. R., and E. K. Yanful. 2010. “Arsenic and chromium removal by mixed magnetite-maghemite nanoparticles and the effect of phosphate on removal.” J. Environ. Manage. 91 (11): 2238–2247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.06.003.
Darezereshki, E., A. khodadadi Darban, M. Abdollahy, and A. Jamshidi-Zanjani. 2018. “Influence of heavy metals on the adsorption of arsenate by magnetite nanoparticles: Kinetics and thermodynamic.” Environ. Nanotechnol. Monit. Manage. 10 (Dec): 51–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2018.04.002.
Din, S. U., T. Mahmood, A. Naeem, M. Hamayun, and N. S. Shah. 2019. “Detailed kinetics study of arsenate adsorption by a sequentially precipitated binary oxide of iron and silicon.” Environ. Technol. (UK) 40 (2): 261–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2017.1385649.
Gao, C., B. Li, N. Chen, J. Ding, Q. Cai, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu. 2016. “Novel Fe3O4/HNT@rGO composite via a facile co-precipitation method for the removal of contaminants from aqueous system.” RSC Adv. 6 (54): 49228–49235. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA01279E.
Hilbrandt, I., A. S. Ruhl, and M. Jekel. 2018. “Conditioning fixed-bed filters with fine fractions of granulated iron hydroxide (μGFH).” Water 10 (10): 1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10101324.
Holmes, R. R., M. L. Hart, and J. T. Kevern. 2019. “Removal of arsenic from synthetic groundwater using sulfur-enhanced cement-based filter media.” J. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste 23 (3): 04019006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000440.
Jolivet, J.-P., C. Chanéac, and E. Tronc. 2004. “Iron oxide chemistry: From molecular clusters to extended solid networks.” Chem. Commun. 7 (5): 481–487. https://doi.org/10.1039/B304532N.
Maitlo, H. A., J. H. Kim, and J. Y. Park. 2017. “Arsenic treatment and power generation with a dual-chambered fuel cell with anionic and cationic membranes using NaHCO3 anolyte and HCl or NaCl catholyte.” Chemosphere. 172 (Apr): 138–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.149.
Min, L. L., L. M. Yang, R. X. Wu, L. B. Zhong, Z. H. Yuan, and Y. M. Zheng. 2019. “Enhanced adsorption of arsenite from aqueous solution by an iron-doped electrospun chitosan nanofiber mat: Preparation, characterization and performance.” J. Colloid Interface Sci. 535 (Feb): 255–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.073.
Mohan, D., and C. U. Pittman. 2007. “Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review.” J. Hazard. Mater. 142 (1–2): 1–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.006.
Molinari, R., and P. Argurio. 2017. “Arsenic removal from water by coupling photocatalysis and complexation-ultrafiltration processes: A preliminary study.” Water Res. 109 (Feb): 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.054.
Nidheesh, P. V., and T. S. A. Singh. 2017. “Arsenic removal by electrocoagulation process: Recent trends and removal mechanism.” Chemosphere 181 (Aug): 418–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.082.
Podgorski, J. E., S. A. M. A. S. Eqani, T. Khanam, R. Ullah, H. Shen, and M. Berg. 2017. “Extensive arsenic contamination in high-pH unconfined aquifers in the Indus Valley.” Sci. Adv. 3 (8): e1700935. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700935.
Prasad, B., C. Ghosh, A. Chakraborty, N. Bandyopadhyay, and R. K. Ray. 2011. “Adsorption of arsenite (As3+) on nano-sized Fe2O3 waste powder from the steel industry.” Desalination 274 (1–3): 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.081.
Raven, K. P., A. Jain, and R. H. Loeppert. 1998. “Arsenite and arsenate adsorption on ferrihydrite: Kinetics, equilibrium, and adsorption envelopes.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 32 (3): 344–349. https://doi.org/10.1021/es970421p.
Sarkar, S., L. M. Blaney, A. Gupta, D. Ghosh, and A. K. Sengupta. 2008. “Arsenic removal from groundwater and its safe containment in a rural environment: Validation of a sustainable approach.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 (12): 4268–4273. https://doi.org/10.1021/es702556t.
Sellner, B. M., G. Hua, and L. M. Ahiablame. 2019. “Fixed bed column evaluation of phosphate adsorption and recovery from aqueous solutions using recycled steel byproducts.” J. Environ. Manage. 233 (Mar): 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.070.
Shahid, M. K., J. Y. Kim, and Y.-G. Choi. 2019c. “Synthesis of bone char from cattle bones and its application for fluoride removal from the contaminated water.” Groundwater Sustainable Dev. 8 (Apr): 324–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2018.12.003.
Shahid, M. K., Y. Kim, and Y.-G. Choi. 2019a. “Adsorption of phosphate on magnetite-enriched particles (MEP) separated from the mill scale.” Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 13 (5): 71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1151-2.
Shahid, M. K., Y. Kim, and Y.-G. Choi. 2019b. “Magnetite synthesis using iron oxide waste and its application for phosphate adsorption with column and batch reactors.” Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 148 (Aug): 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2019.06.001.
Shahid, M. K., S. Phearom, and Y.-G. Choi. 2018. “Synthesis of magnetite from raw mill scale and its application for arsenate adsorption from contaminated water.” Chemosphere 203 (Jul): 90–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.150.
Shahid, M. K., S. Phearom, and Y.-G. Choi. 2019d. “Evaluation of arsenate adsorption efficiency of mill-scale derived magnetite particles with column and plug flow reactors.” J. Water Process Eng. 28 (Apr): 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.02.015.
Shahid, M. K., P. San, and Y.-G. Choi. 2019e. “Adsorption of arsenic (V) on magnetite-enriched particles separated from the mill scale.” Environ. Earth Sci. 78 (3): 65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8066-x.
Shankar, S., U. Shanker, and Shikha. 2014. “Arsenic contamination of groundwater: A review of sources, prevalence, health risks, and strategies for mitigation.” Sci. World J. 2014: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/304524.
Shipley, H. J., S. Yean, A. T. Kan, and M. B. Tomson. 2009. “Adsorption of arsenic to magnetite nanoparticles: Effect of particle concentration, pH, ionic strength, and temperature.” Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 28 (3): 509–515. https://doi.org/10.1897/08-155.1.
Simeonidis, K., T. Gkinis, S. Tresintsi, C. Martinez-Boubeta, G. Vourlias, I. Tsiaoussis, G. Stavropoulos, M. Mitrakas, and M. Angelakeris. 2011. “Magnetic separation of hematite-coated Fe3O4 particles used as arsenic adsorbents.” Chem. Eng. J. 168 (3): 1008–1015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.074.
Singh, T. P., and C. B. Majumder. 2018. “Batch and column performance of fluoride adsorption by java plum seeds.” J. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste 22 (3): 04018010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000394.
Smedley, P. L., H. B. Nicolli, D. M. J. Macdonald, A. J. Barros, and J. O. Tullio. 2002. “Hydrogeochemistry of arsenic and other inorganic constituents in groundwaters from La Pampa, Argentina.” Appl. Geochem. 17 (3): 259–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00082-8.
Sun, J., A. N. Quicksall, S. N. Chillrud, B. J. Mailloux, and B. C. Bostick. 2016. “Arsenic mobilization from sediments in microcosms under sulfate reduction.” Chemosphere 153 (Jun): 254–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.117.
Usman, M., J. M. Byrne, A. Chaudhary, S. Orsetti, K. Hanna, C. Ruby, A. Kappler, and S. B. Haderlein. 2018. “Magnetite and green rust: Synthesis, properties, and environmental applications of mixed-valent iron minerals.” Chem. Rev. 118 (7): 3251–3304. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00224.
Wang, Y., G. Morin, G. Ona-Nguema, and G. E. Brown. 2014. “Arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) speciation during transformation of lepidocrocite to magnetite.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 48 (24): 14282–14290. https://doi.org/10.1021/es5033629.
Wasserman, G. A., et al. 2018. “A cross-sectional study of water arsenic exposure and intellectual function in adolescence in Araihazar, Bangladesh.” Environ. Int. 118 (May): 304–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.037.
Xue, Q., Y. Ran, Y. Tan, C. L. Peacock, and H. Du. 2019. “Arsenite and arsenate binding to ferrihydrite organo-mineral coprecipitate: Implications for arsenic mobility and fate in natural environments.” Chemosphere 224 (Jun): 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.118.
Yean, S., L. Cong, C. T. Yavuz, J. T. Mayo, W. W. Yu, A. T. Kan, V. L. Colvin, and M. B. Tomson. 2005. “Effect of magnetite particle size on adsorption and desorption of arsenite and arsenate.” J. Mater. Res. 20 (12): 3255–3264. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0403.
Yoon, Y., W. K. Park, T.-M. Hwang, D. H. Yoon, W. S. Yang, and J.-W. Kang. 2016. “Comparative evaluation of magnetite—Graphene oxide and magnetite-reduced graphene oxide composite for As (III) and As (V) removal.” J. Hazard. Mater. 304 (Mar): 196–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.053.
Yoon, Y., M. Zheng, Y. T. Ahn, W. K. Park, W. S. Yang, and J. W. Kang. 2017. “Synthesis of magnetite/non-oxidative graphene composites and their application for arsenic removal.” Sep. Purif. Technol. 178 (May): 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.01.025.
Zhang, F., X. Wang, J. Xionghui, and L. Ma. 2016. “Efficient arsenate removal by magnetite-modified water hyacinth biochar.” Environ. Pollut. 216 (Sep): 575–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.013.
Zhong, L. S., J. S. Hu, H. P. Liang, A. M. Cao, W. G. Song, and L. J. Wan. 2006. “Self-assembled 3D flowerlike iron oxide nanostructures and their application in water treatment.” Adv. Mater. 18 (18): 2426–2431. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200600504.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 24 • Issue 2 • April 2020
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 6, 2019
Accepted: Sep 9, 2019
Published online: Jan 14, 2020
Published in print: Apr 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jun 14, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.