Reducing Risk Habituation to Struck-By Hazards in a Road Construction Environment Using Virtual Reality Behavioral Intervention
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 147, Issue 11
Abstract
Repeated exposure to hazards in road construction work zones often generates worker habituation to risks associated with those hazards, a key causal factor in workplace accidents. Understanding the developmental process of risk habituation and providing effective intervention are thus critical to preventing fatalities in road construction work zones. To this end, this study investigates the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) as a behavioral intervention tool to mitigate a decline in vigilant behaviors with habituation to workplace hazards. A VR environment that simulates road construction/maintenance tasks was created and used to repeatedly expose participants to struck-by hazards in road construction operations. An accident was simulated upon the emergence of inattentiveness to hazards within the VR environment. The sustained intervention effect was examined using pretest-posttest analyses to compare the frequency and threshold of participants’ vigilant behaviors. The results revealed that the VR environment elicited a reduction in attentiveness associated with risk habituation over a relatively short period of time, and the simulated accidents in the VR environment generated sustained impacts in the mitigating of the effects of habituation on attention over a week’s time interval. The outcomes of this study contribute to the understanding of how workers’ risk habituation can be measured in a VR environment and provide new knowledge regarding how a VR-based behavioral intervention can mitigate the attentional consequences of habituation to repeatedly exposed workplace hazards.
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Data Availability Statement
Data generated or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author by request. Information about the Journal’s data-sharing policy can be found here: http://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001263.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Darrell Worthy (Associate Professor, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at the Texas A&M University), Vaibhav Rawat (Software Engineer, Facebook Inc.), Brianna Hodge (3D Artist, Neuro Rehab VR Co.), Somyung Oh (Tools Programmer, Persistant Studios Group Co.), and Yeseul Kim (Ph.D. student at the Texas A&M University) for their contributions to the experimental design and data collection. This study was financially supported by the National Science Foundation (No. 2017019) and the Transportation Consortium of South-Central States (Project ID: 20SATAMU20). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect the views of the aforementioned individuals or organizations.
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Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 147 • Issue 11 • November 2021
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jan 24, 2021
Accepted: Jul 22, 2021
Published online: Sep 11, 2021
Published in print: Nov 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Feb 11, 2022
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