Probabilistic Models for Modulus of Elasticity of Self-Consolidated Concrete: Bayesian Approach
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 135, Issue 4
Abstract
Current models of the modulus of elasticity, , of concrete recommended by the American Concrete Institute and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials are derived for normally vibrated concrete (NVC). Because self-consolidated concrete (SCC) mixtures differ from NVC in the quantities and types of constituent materials, supplementary cementing materials, and chemical admixtures, the current models, may not take into consideration the complexity of SCC, and thus they may predict the of SCC inaccurately. Although some authors recommend specific models to predict of SCC, they include only a single variable of assumed importance, namely, the design compressive strength of concrete, . However, there are other parameters that may need to be accounted for while developing a prediction model for of SCC. In this paper, a Bayesian variable selection method is used to identify the significant parameters in predicting the of SCC, and more accurate models for are generated using these variables. The models have a parsimonious parametrization for ease of use in practice and properly account for the prevailing uncertainties.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
AASHTO. (2006). LRFD bridge design specifications, 3rd Ed., AASHTO, Washington, D.C.
Abrams, D. A. (1918). “Design of concrete mixtures.” Bulletin No. 1, Structural Materials Research Laboratory, Lewis Institute, Chicago.
Agarwal, S. K. (2003). “Development of water reducing agent from creosote oil.” Constr. Build. Mater., 17(4), 245–251.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (1997). “State-of-the-art report on high strength concrete.” ACI, Commentary Rep. 363R-92, ACI, Farmington Hills, Mich.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2005). “Building code requirements for structural concrete.” Commentary Rep. 318R-05, ACI, Farmington Hills, Mich.
Ahmad, S. H., and Shah, S. P. (1985). “Behavior of hoop confined concrete under high strain rates.” ACI Struct. J., 82(5), 634–647.
Aitcin, P.-C., and Mehta, P. K. (1990). “Effect of coarse-aggregate characteristics on mechanical properties of high-strength concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 87(2), 103–107.
Akaike, H. (1974). “A new look at the statistical model identification.” IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, 19(6), 716–723.
Ansari, F., Zhang, Z., Maher, A., and Szary, P. (2002). “Effects of synthetic air entraining agents on compressive strength of Portland cement concrete—Mechanism of interaction and remediation strategy.” Final Rep., U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.
Artigues, J. C., Curado, J., and Iglesias, E. (1990). “Study of the effectiveness of water reducing additives on concrete with microsilica.” Proc., Int. RILEM Symp., Barcelona, Spain.
Asselanis, J., and Tajirian, A. (2005). “A study of self-consolidating concrete admixtures to develop a durable, ductile concrete mixture.” Proc., Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Chicago.
Bentur, A., and Goldman, A. (1989). “Curing effects, strength, and physical properties of high-strength silica fume concretes.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1(1), 46–58.
Bosiljkov, V. B. (2003). “SCC mixes with poorly graded aggregate and high volume of limestone filler.” Cem. Concr. Res., 33(9), 1279–1286.
Box, G. E. P., and Tiao, G. C. (1992). Bayesian inference in statistical analysis, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.
Brown, P. J., Vannucci, M., and Fearn, T. (1998). “Multivariate Bayesian variable selection and prediction.” J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B (Stat. Methodol.), 60(3), 627–641.
Brown, P. J., Vannucci, M., and Fearn, T. (2002). “Bayes model averaging with selection of regressors.” J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B (Stat. Methodol.), 64(3), 519–536.
Brunner, M. (2005). “Durability of SCC with high water content.” Proc., Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Chicago.
Chipman, H., Goerge, E. I., and McCulloch, R. E. (2001). “The practical implementation of Bayesian model selection.” IMS Lect. Notes Monogr. Ser., 38, 1–94.
Cook, J. E. (1989). “10,000 PSI concrete.” Concr. Int.: Des. Constr., 11(10), 67–75.
De Larrard, F. (1989). “Ultrafine particles for the making of very-high-strength concretes.” Cem. Concr. Res., 19(1), 161–172.
Ernzen, J. J., and Carrasquillo, R. L. (1992). “Resistance of high-strength concrete to cold-weather environments.” Interim Rep., Center for Transportation Research, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Tex.
Euro-Internacional du Béton (CEB). (1990). “High-strength concrete, state of the art report.” Information Bulletin 197, CEB working group on high strength concrete, CEB, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Felekoglu, B., Turkel, S., and Baradan, B. (2007). “Effect of water/cement ratio on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete.” Build. Environ., 42, 1795–1802.
George, E. I., and McCulloch, R. E. (1997). “Approaches for Bayesian variable selection.” Stat. Sin., 7, 339–373.
Gutierrez, P. A., and Canovas, M. F. (1995). “The modulus of elasticity of high performance concrete.” Mater. Struct., 28(184), 559–574.
Hammons, M. I., and Smith, D. M. (1990). “Early-time strength and elastic modulus of concrete with high proportions of fly ash in serviceability and durability of construction materials.” Proc., 1st Materials Engineering Congress, Denver.
Jensen, V. P. (1943). “The plasticity ratio of concrete and in effect on the ultimate strength of beams” J. Am. Concr. Inst., 39, 565–582.
Jobse, H. J., and Moustafa, S. E. (1984) “Applications of high-strength concrete for highway bridges.” PCI J., 29(3), 44–73.
Kaufmann, J., Winnefeld, F., and Hesselbarth, D. (2004). “Effect of the addition of ultrafine cement and short fiber reinforcement on shrinkage, rheological, and mechanical properties of Portland cement pastes.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 26(5), 541–549.
Khayat, K. H. (2000). “Optimization and performance of air-entrained, self-consolidated concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 97(5), 526–535.
Khayat, K. H., Bickley, J., and Lessard, M. (2000). “Performance of self-consolidated concrete for casting basement and foundation walls.” ACI Mater. J., 97(3), 374–380.
Khayat, K. H., Manai, K., and Trudel, A. (1997). “In situ mechanical properties of wall elements cast using self-consolidated concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 94(6), 491–500.
Khayat, K. H., Paultre, P., and Tremblay, S. (2001). “Structural performance and in-place properties of self-consolidated concrete used for casting highly reinforced columns.” ACI Mater. J., 98(5), 371–378.
Kim, J. K., Han, S. H., Park, Y. D., and Noh, J. H. (1998). “Material properties of self-flowing concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 10(4), 244–249.
Lane, R. O., and Best, J. F. (1982). “Properties and use of fly ash in Portland cement concrete.” Concr. Int.: Des. Constr., 4(7), 81–92.
Malhotra, V. M. (1981). “Superplasticizers: Their effect on fresh and hardened concrete.” ACI Conc. Int., 3(5), 66–81.
Metropolis, N., Rosenbluth, A. W., Rosenbluth, M. N., Teller, A. H., and Teller, E. (1953). “Equations of state calculations by fast computing machines.” J. Chem. Phys., 21, 1087–1092.
Naik, T. R., and Ramme, B. W. (1989). “High early strength concrete containing large quantities of fly ash.” ACI Mater. J., 86(2), 111–116.
Ouchi, M., Nakamura, S., Osterberg, T., and Lwin, M. (2003). “Applications of self-compacting concrete in Japan, Europe and the United States.” Proc., Int. Symp. of High Performance Concrete, Orlando, Fla.
Pauw, A. (1960). “Static modulus of elasticity of concrete as affected by density.” ACI J., 57(6), 679–687.
Persson, B. (2001). “A comparison between mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete and the corresponding properties of normal concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res., 31, 193–198.
Rao, C. R., and Toutenburg, H. (1997). Linear models, least squares, and alternatives, Springer, New York.
Sahmaran, M., Christianto, H. A., and Yaman, I. O. (2006). “The effect of chemical admixtures and mineral additives on the properties of self-compacting mortars.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 28(5), 432–440.
Schwarz, G. (1978). “Estimating the dimension of a model.” Ann. Stat., 6(2), 461–464.
Sengul, O., Tasdemir, C., and Tasdemir, M. I. (2002). “Influence of aggregate type on mechanical behavior of normal and high-strength concretes.” ACI Mater. J., 99(6), 528–533.
Siebel, E. (1989). “Air-void characteristics and freezing and thawing resistance of superplasticized air-entrained concrete with high workability.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, Ottawa.
Stegmaier, M. (2005). “Heat curing of self-compacting concrete (SCC).” Otto-Graf J., 16, 167–184.
Suwanvitaya, P., Jiravetakul, S., and Vanichavetin C. (2006), “Effect of aggregate fraction on concrete strength.” Proc., Symp. on Infrastructure Development and the Environment, Quezon City, Philippines.
Swamy, R. N. (1989). “Superplasticizers and concrete durability.” Proc., 3rd CANMET/ACI Int. Conf. on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, Ottawa.
Swamy, R. N., and Bouikni, A. (1990). “Some engineering properties of slag concrete as influenced by mix proportioning and curing.” ACI Mater. J., 87(3), 210–220.
Turkmen, I., and Kantarci, A. (2007). “Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and different curing conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete.” Build. Environ., 42(6), 2378–2383.
Zhu, W., and Gibbs, J. C. (2005). “Use of different limestone and chalk powders in self-compacting concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res., 35(8), 1457–1462.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 135 • Issue 4 • April 2009
Pages: 295 - 306
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 20, 2007
Accepted: Oct 23, 2008
Published online: Apr 1, 2009
Published in print: Apr 2009
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Arvid Naess
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.