Modeling Cross Anisotropy in Granular Materials
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 133, Issue 8
Abstract
A constitutive model has been developed to capture the behavior of cross-anisotropic frictional materials. The elastoplastic, single hardening model for isotropic materials serves as the basic framework. Based on the experimental results of cross-anisotropic sands in isotropic compression tests, the principal stress coordinate system is rotated such that the model operates isotropically within the rotated framework. Experimental plastic work contours on the octahedral plane are plotted for a series of true triaxial tests on dense Santa Monica Beach sand to study the effects of cross anisotropy on the evolution of yield surfaces. The amount of rotation of the yield and plastic potential surfaces decreases to zero (isotropic state) with loading. The model is constructed for cases where the principal stress and material symmetry axes are collinear and no significant rotation of principal stresses occur. The model incorporates fourteen parameters that can be determined from simple experiments, such as isotropic compression, drained triaxial compression, and triaxial extension tests. A series of true triaxial and isotropic compression tests on dense Santa Monica Beach sand are used as a basis for verification of the capabilities of the proposed model.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. MSS 9119272/MSS 9396271 and CMS 0096341. Grateful appreciation is expressed for this support.
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Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 133 • Issue 8 • August 2007
Pages: 919 - 932
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 30, 2003
Accepted: Oct 10, 2006
Published online: Aug 1, 2007
Published in print: Aug 2007
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Yunping Xi
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