Research Article
Jul 1974
Effect of Stream Turbulence on Heater Water Plumes
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VIEW THE REPLYAuthors: James Weil and Hugo B. Fischer, M.ASCEAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 100, Issue 7
Abstract
The situation of a heated water surface jet flowing at the mean local velocity in open channel flow is studied. The jet contains no excess momentum that can cause mixing by relative motion of parallel streams. Downstream behavior is determined by buoyancy and ambient flow turbulence. Dimensional analysis determines the independent variables, x/D, d/D, u∗/un, and Fd, which are a distance ratio, a depth ratio, a friction factor, and a densimetric Froude number. In the range of study axis temperature is observed to be independent of d/D and Froude number, and only weakly dependent on u∗/uN. Results are shown for temperatures versus x/D. Mixing is significant, but dilution is less than for momentum jets in still water. Plume width due to buoy spread is shown to be (x/D)2/3, to (Fd)-2/3 (x/D2/3, with increased widths measured for increased turbulence. Results for layer depth are shown vs. x/D and are largely independent of d/D, u∗/un, and Fd.
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Published In
Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 100 • Issue 7 • July 1974
Pages: 951 - 970
Copyright
© 1974 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Jul 1974
Published online: Feb 3, 2021
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James Weil
U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif
Hugo B. Fischer, M.ASCE
Assoc. Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif., and Research Hydr. Engr., U.S. Geological Survey
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