Generalized Relationship Linking Water Balance and Vegetation Productivity across Site-to-Regional Scales
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 5
Abstract
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a pivotal component in catchment-scale water balance and is essential for informed watershed management. Nevertheless, uncertainties in ET observation or modeling have been hindering effective water resources management. This study addresses this gap by establishing a robust, generalized linear relationship between ET and gross primary productivity (GPP) at the catchment scale. We test the linearity of the relationships between monthly GPP and ET data at 380 near-natural catchments across various climatic and landscape conditions in the contiguous US, yielding Pearson’s for 97% of the 380 catchments. We then develop a regionalization strategy to parameterize this GPP-ET relationship at the catchment scale by identifying and using the linkages between the parameter values and extensively available hydroclimatic and landscape data. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed GPP-ET relationship and parameter regionalization strategy by their combined predictive capacity, where the predicted monthly GPP matches well with remote-sensing–based GPP product, achieving Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) values for 92% of the catchments. In addition, we verify the relationship and its parameter regionalization at 35 AmeriFlux sites with KGE for 25 sites, suggesting that the new relationship is transferable across the site, catchment, and regional scales. Our findings are valuable for improving remote-sensing–based estimation of monthly ET and diagnosing coupled water-carbon simulations in land surface and Earth system models.
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Data Availability Statement
The data used in this study are derived from multiple publicly accessible repositories. Catchment attributes and hydrometeorological variables were sourced from the Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies (CAMELS) database, available at https://ral.ucar.edu/solutions/products/camels. Gross primary production (GPP) data were obtained from the Landsat Gross Primary Production CONUS data set, accessible via https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/UMT_NTSG_v2_LANDSAT_GPP. Site-specific data were collected from the AmeriFlux data set, which can be accessed at https://ameriflux.lbl.gov/. Finally, climate data for the selected sites were gathered from the Daymet data set, available at the Daymet Website https://daymet.ornl.gov/.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported as part of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, as part of the Earth System Model Development program area. G. Abeshu and H.-Y. Li were also supported by the US National Science Foundation (EAR #1804560). M. Shi and L. R. Leung were supported by the Earth System Model Development and Regional and Global Model Analysis program areas, respectively, of the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, as part of the multiprogram, collaborative Integrated Coastal Modeling (ICoM) project. N. McDowell was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental System Science (ESS) Program. This contribution originates from the River Corridor Scientific Focus Area (SFA) project at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. J. Y. Tang was supported by the Reducing Uncertainties in Biogeochemical Interactions through Synthesis and Computation (RUBISCO) Scientific Focus Area, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is managed by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 29 • Issue 5 • October 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 2, 2023
Accepted: Mar 28, 2024
Published online: Jul 15, 2024
Published in print: Oct 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Dec 15, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Bodies of water (by type)
- Catchments
- Engineering fundamentals
- Hydrologic engineering
- Hydrologic properties
- Hydrology
- Infrastructure
- Landscaping
- Linear functions
- Mathematical functions
- Mathematics
- Parameters (statistics)
- Statistics
- Urban and regional development
- Urban areas
- Water and water resources
- Water balance
- Water management
- Water policy
- Water resources
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